Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
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Efects of diesel exhaust particles and urban particles on brain endothelial cells

  • Kim, Ji Young (Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Hong, Seonmi (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Bolormaa, Ochirpurev (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Seo, Je Hoon (Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Eom, Sang‑Yong (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Yong‑Dae (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Heon (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2021.05.26
  • Accepted : 2021.09.29
  • Published : 2022.01.15
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Abstract

Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) and urban particles (UPs) increases the incidence of degenerative brain diseases as well as respiratory diseases. However, there is limited evidence on the mechanism of neurotoxicity on exposure to these particles. In the present study, the damage to blood-brain barrier (BBB) function by DEP or UP exposure was evaluated in bEnd.3 cells, which are derived from the brain tissue of Balb/c mice. It was demonstrated that DEP and UP exposure may induce oxidative stress via increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level in bEnd.3 cells. In addition, cells exposed to DEP and UP demonstrated a resistance value of about 50% each compared to the value noted prior to exposure; additionally, Claudin-5 and ZO-1 expression levels were signifcantly decreased compared to the corresponding levels in the control. It was inferred that DEP or UP exposure diminishes the expression of tight junction proteins in endothelial cells through ROS generation, thereby enhancing endothelial membrane permeability. This study showed that DEPs or UPs induced cell permeability and oxidative stress by increasing ROS generation in bEnd.3 cells. This suggests the possibility that exposure to DEPs or UPs may compromise the integrity of the BBB and induce adverse efects in the CNS.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (2016R1A2B4011280). We thank its funding.

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