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Effective Teaching-Learning Activities in Flipped, Direct, Cooperative, and Distance Learning Model

거꾸로 수업, 직접교수법, 협동학습, 실시간 화상수업을 조합한 수업에서의 효과적인 교수학습활동

  • Received : 2021.12.21
  • Accepted : 2022.01.08
  • Published : 2022.01.31

Abstract

This study explored effective teaching-learning activities under the hybrid teaching model combining flipped learning, direct instruction, cooperative learning and distance learning. Subjects were 99 college students enrolled in 2 teacher preparation courses. Students evaluated effectiveness of 22 teaching-learning activities according to Likert scale at the end of the semester. As a result, all 22 teaching learning activities were considered effective more or less. They facilitated motivation, comprehension, participation, thinking, and led to mastery of the task. ② Activities scored low were 'questioning and answering at the beginning of online class', 'open book test'. ③ Hybrid teaching model was favored over traditional instruction. Open ended responses were consistent with the ones in the questionnaire. This research supports the notion that key teaching models to be combined for successful flipped learning in college setting are direct instruction and cooperative learning. Furthermore, effective and ineffective teaching strategies for flipped learning were found.

이 연구는 거꾸로 수업, 직접교수법, 협동학습, 실시간 화상수업을 조합한 수업상황에서 학습에 유용한 교수학습활동을 탐색하였다. 연구대상은 교육방법 및 교육공학 과목 4분반, 교육학 교재연구 및 지도법 1분만을 수강한 99명이었다. 이들은 한 학기동안 하이브리드 수업상황을 경험하고, 활용된 22개의 교수학습활동이 학습에 유용한 정도를 리커트 척도에 답하였다. 그 결과, ① 22개의 교수학습활동은 모두 학습에 유용한 것으로 평가되었다. 그 중에서도 높은 평가를 받은 활동은 카톡방에서의 조별토론 내용을 캡처하여 제출한 것, 과제 사례 제공, 연습, 과제에 대한 피드백, 다른 모둠의 과제 결과 공유, 시험 답안에 대한 피드백 등이었다. ② 낮은 평가를 받은 교수학습활동은 화상 문답과 오픈 북 시험이었다. ③ 하이브리드 수업의 학습 효과에 대해서는 3.67점의 긍정적인 평가를 하였고, 학습량도 대면수업만큼 많았던 것으로 인식하였다(평균 3.67, SD=1.03). 자유응답도 문항조사결과를 지지하였다. 이 연구는 대학에서 원격수업을 통해 거꾸로 수업을 시행할 때 성패를 가를 수 있는 관건이 직접교수법, 협동학습의 정확한 실행임을 확인하고, 이를 구현할 구체적이고 효과적인 수업전략들을 검증하였다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

Keywords

References

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