DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An SDOF model of a four-sided fixed RC wall having an opening for blast response simulation

  • S.H., Sung (Agency for Defense Development) ;
  • H., Ji (Agency for Defense Development)
  • Received : 2022.04.17
  • Accepted : 2022.11.26
  • Published : 2022.12.10

Abstract

The conventional single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system is appropriate for dynamic response analysis of paneltype structures without an opening. However, the typical building structures usually have four-sided fixed walls having an opening. Therefore, it may induce a considerable error when dynamic responses are estimated based on the conventional SDOF system, since the SDOF system cannot consider the effect of an opening during the SDOF analysis. For this reason, this study proposes a new SDOF system to consider the effect of an opening by adjusting its load-mass factor. The load-mass factor can be modified based on the assumption that the behaviors of the four-sided fixed wall with an opening is very similar to the behaviors of the same size wall without an opening, when the uniformly distributed blast loaded area is identical. In order to confirm a feasibility of the proposed SDOF system, a series of numerical simulations were carried out for the four-sided fixed reinforced concrete (RC) wall under a blast load. The dynamic responses estimated from the proposed SDOF system and the conventional SDOF system were compared with the dynamic responses evaluated from the finite element (FE) analysis. Especially, for the maximum dynamic responses except for 50% opening case, the proposed SDOF system had about 1.1% to 25.7% normalized errors while the conventional SDOF system had about 4.1% to 49.1% normalized errors.

Keywords

References

  1. Al-Thiry, H. (2016), "A modified single degree of freedom method for the analysis of building steel columns subjected to explosion induced blast load", Int. J. Impact Eng., 94, 120-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2016.04.007.
  2. Baker, W.E., Cox, P.A., Westine, P.S., Kulesz, J.J. and Strehlow, R.A. (1983), Explosion Hazards and Evaluation, Elsevier Science Publishing Company Inc., New York.
  3. Borvik, T., Hanssen, A.G., Langseth, M. and Olovsson, L. (2009), "Response of structures to planar blast loads-A finite element engineering approach", Comput. Struct., 87(9), 507-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2009.02.005.
  4. Castedo, R., Segarra, P., Alanon, A., Lopez, L.M., Santos, A.P. and Sanchidrian, J.A. (2015), "Air blast resistance of full-scale slabs with different compositions: Numerical modeling and field validation", Int. J. Impact Eng., 86, 145-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.08.004.
  5. Cormie, D., Mays, G. and Smith, P. (2009), Blast Effects on Buildings, 2nd Edition, Thomas Telford, London, UK.
  6. Cui, L., Zhang, X. and Hao, H. (2021), "Improved analysis method for structural members subjected to blast loads considering strain hardening and softening effects", Adv. Struct. Eng., 24, 2622-2636. https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332211007382.
  7. El-Dakhakhni, W.W., Mekky, W.F. and Changiz Rezaei, S.H. (2010), "Validity of SDOF models for analyzing two-way reinforced concrete panels under blast loading", J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 24, 311-325. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000090.
  8. Feldgun, V.R., Yankelevsky, D.Z. and Karinski, Y.S. (2016), "A nonlinear SDOF model for blast response simulation of elastic thin rectangular plates", Int. J. Impact Eng., 88, 172-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.09.001.
  9. Fischer, K. and Haring, I. (2009), "SDOF response model parameters from dynamic blast loading experiments", Eng. Struct., 31, 1677-1686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.02.040.
  10. Hamra, L., Demonceau, J.F. and Denoel, V. (2015), "Pressureimpulse diagram of a beam developing non-linear membrane action under blast loading", Int. J. Impact Eng., 86, 188-205. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.07.003
  11. Kahn, R., Farooq, S.H. and Usman, M. (2019), "Blast loading response of reinforced concrete panels externally reinforced with steel strips", Infrastruct., 4, 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures4030054.
  12. Ki, J.H. and Park, J.Y. (2020), "Simple P-I diagram for structural components based on support rotation angle criteria", Adv. Concrete Constr., 10(6), 509-514. http://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.10.6.509.
  13. Ki, J.H., Park, J.Y. and Seong, J.H. (2019), "Effect of one way reinforced concrete slab characteristics on structural response under blast loading", Adv. Concrete Constr., 8(4), 277-283. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.4.277.
  14. Krauthammer, T. (2008), Modern Protective Structures, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
  15. Li, Q.M. and Meng, H. (2002), "Pressure-impulse diagram for blast loads based on dimensional analysis and single-degree-offreedom model", J. Eng. Mech., 128(1), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:1(87).
  16. Liu, Y., Yan, J. and Huang, F. (2018), "Behavior of reinforced concrete beam and columns subjected to blast loading", Defen. Technol., 14, 550-559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2018.07.026.
  17. Malvar, L.J. and Crawford, J.E. (1998a), "Dynamic increase factors for concrete", Twenty-Eighth DDESB Seminar, Orlando, FL, August,
  18. Malvar, L.J. and Crawford, J.E. (1998b), "Dynamic increase factors for steel reinforcing bars", Twenty-Eighth DDESB Seminar, Orlando, FL, August.
  19. Moaveni, S. (2008), Finite Element Analysis, Pearson Education. U.S.A:
  20. Oswald, C.J. and Skerhut, D. (1993) FACEDAP User's Manual, Omaha District, Southwest Research Institute and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
  21. Park, R. and Gamble, W.L. (2000), Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Wiley, Canada.
  22. Rigby, S.E., Tyas, A. and Bennett, T. (2014), "Elastic-plastic response of plates subjected to cleared blast loads", Int. J. Impact Eng., 66, 37-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2013.12.006.
  23. Sung, S.H. and Lee, H. (2021). "Performance enhancement of SDOF system for a two-way all-fixed RC slab based on a modified plastic-damage hysteretic model", Struct. Eng. Mech., 80(4), 443-454. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.80.4.443.
  24. Thiagarajan, G., Kadambi, A.V., Robert, S. and Johnson, C.F. (2015), "Experimental and finite element analysis of doubly reinforced concrete slabs subjected to blast loads", Int. J. Impact Eng., 75, 162-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.07.018.
  25. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (2008a), Methodology Manual for the Single-Degree-Of Freedom Blast Effects Design Spreadsheets (SBEDS), 1.1-10.4, PDC-TR-06-01.
  26. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (2008b), Single Degree of Freedom Structural Response Limits for Antiterrorism Design, 1.1-5.4, PDC-TR-06-08.
  27. U.S. DOD (Department of Defence) (2008), Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions, US DoD, 1-1867.UFC 3-340-02, Washington DC, USA.
  28. Wang, W., Zhang, D. and Lu, F. (2012), "The influence of load pulse shape on pressure-impulse diagrams of one-way RC slabs", Struct. Eng. Mech., 42(3), 363-381. http://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.42.3.363.
  29. Wang, W., Zhang, D., Lu, F. and Liu, R. (2013), "A new SDOF method of one-way reinforced concrete slab under non-uniform blast loading", Struct. Eng. Mech., 46(5), 595-613. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.46.5.595.
  30. Wu, C. and Sheikh, H. (2013), "A finite element modeling to investigate the mitigation of blast effects on reinforced concrete panel using foam cladding", Int. J. Impact Eng., 55, 24-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.11.006.