한국산업융합학회 논문집 (Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence)

한국산업융합학회 (The Korean Society of Industry Convergence)
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리튬이온배터리 열폭주 조건에서 전해질 Dimethyl Carbonate(DMC) 반응 특성 분석

Investigating the Reaction Characteristics of Electrolyte Dimethyl Carbonate(DMC) under Thermal Runaway Conditions of Lithium-Ion Battery

  • 전민규 (한국기계연구원) ;
  • 이은송 (한국기계연구원 친환경에너지변환연구부) ;
  • 윤홍식 (한국기계연구원 친환경에너지변환연구부) ;
  • 길상인 (한국기계연구원 친환경에너지변환연구부) ;
  • 박현욱 (한국기계연구원 친환경에너지변환연구부)
  • Jeon, Min-Kyu (Eco-Friendly Energy Conversion Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Song (Eco-Friendly Energy Conversion Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Yoon, Hong-Sik (Eco-Friendly Energy Conversion Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Keel, Sang-In (Eco-Friendly Energy Conversion Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Wook (Eco-Friendly Energy Conversion Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials)
  • 투고 : 2022.11.19
  • 심사 : 2022.12.05
  • 발행 : 2022.12.31
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초록

This study provides an investigating the electrolyte reaction characteristics during thermal runaway of a lithium-ion battery(LIB). Dimethyl carbonate(DMC) is known as the main substance that makes up the electrolyte. The mono-molecular decomposition characteristics of DMC were derived through numerical analysis. Cobalt oxide can release oxygen under high temperature conditions. Also, DMC is converted to CH4, H2, CO, and CO2. Especially, it was found that the decomposition of the DMC begins at a temperature range of 340-350℃, which dramatically increases the internal pressure of the LIB. In the by-products gases, the molar ratio of CO and CO2 changed according to the molecular structure of DMC and temperature conditions. The correlation of the [CO]/[CO2] ratio according to the temperature during thermal runaway was derived, and the characteristics of the reaction temperature could be estimated using the molar ratio as an indicator. In addition, the oxidation and decomposition characteristics of DMC according to the residence time for each temperature were estimated. When DMC is exposed to low temperature for a long time, both oxidation and decomposition may occur. There is possibility of not only increasing the internal pressure of the LIB, but also promoting thermal runaway. In this study, internal environment of LIB was identified and the reaction characteristics between the active materials of the cathode and electrolyte were investigated.

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