Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science

Korean Academy of Periodontology (대한치주과학회)
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Peri-implantitis, systemic inflammation, and dyslipidemia: a cross-sectional biochemical study

  • Blanco, Carlota (Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela & Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela) ;
  • Linares, Antonio (Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela & Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela) ;
  • Dopico, Jose (Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela & Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela) ;
  • Pico, Alex (Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela & Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela) ;
  • Sobrino, Tomas (Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela) ;
  • Leira, Yago (Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela & Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela) ;
  • Blanco, Juan (Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela & Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela)
  • Received : 2021.01.28
  • Accepted : 2021.04.29
  • Published : 2021.10.30
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Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the inflammatory and lipid profile of patients with and without peri-implantitis. Methods: A cross-sectional biochemical study was carried out in which blood samples were collected from 16 patients with peri-implantitis and from 31 subjects with healthy implants. Clinical peri-implant parameters were obtained from all subjects. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in serum. Lipid fractions, glucose and creatinine levels, and complete blood count were also assessed. Results: After controlling for a history of periodontitis, statistically significant differences between peri-implantitis patients and controls were found for total cholesterol (estimated adjusted mean difference, 76.4 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 39.6, 113.2 mg/dL; P<0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (estimated adjusted mean difference, 57.7 mg/dL; 95% CI, 23.8, 91.6 mg/dL; P<0.001), white blood cells (WBC) (estimated adjusted mean difference, 2.8×103/µL; 95% CI, 1.6, 4.0×103/µL; P<0.001) and IL-10 (estimated adjusted mean difference, -10.4 pg/mL; 95% CI, -15.8, -5.0 pg/mL; P<0.001). The peri-implant probing pocket depth (PPD) was modestly positively correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.512; P<0.001), LDL cholesterol (r=0.463; P=0.001), and WBC (r=0.519; P<0.001). A moderate negative correlation was observed between IL-10 and PPD (r=0.609; P<0.001). Conclusions: Otherwise healthy individuals with peri-implantitis showed increased low-grade systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was partially supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness - Institute of Health Carlos III (PI13/02027 and PI15/01578) and Osteology Foundation (APB-MET-16-070). Yago Leira holds a research contract with Fundacion Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (fIDIS) and a Senior Clinical Research Fellowship supported by the UCL Biomedical Research Centre who receives funding from the NIHR (NIHR-INF-0387). Furthermore, Tomas Sobrino (CPII17/00027) is a recipient of a research contract from Miguel Servet Program of Institute of Health Carlos III. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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