Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Occurrence of Fungal Contamination in Ginseng Sprout and Mycotoxigenic Potential

새싹삼의 곰팡이 발생과 독소생성능

  • Choi, Jang Nam (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, So soo (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Jung-Hye (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Baek, Seul Gi (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jin Ju (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jang, Ja Yeong (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hyun, Jeong-Eun (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Se-Ri (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jeom-Soon (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Theresa (Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 최장남 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 김소수 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 최정혜 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 백슬기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 박진주 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 장자영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 현정은 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 김세리 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 김점순 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 이데레사 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유해생물과)
  • Received : 2021.08.20
  • Accepted : 2021.10.08
  • Published : 2021.10.30
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Abstract

In order to investigate frequency of fungal contamination in ginseng sprout, we collected 18 types of retail ginseng sprouts and analyzed them. Overall frequency of fungal contamination ranged from 113.3 to 174.1% with the highest occurrence of Penicillium spp. Fungal detection rate was significantly higher in moss than in stem, leaf and root of ginseng sprout. Penicillium spp. occurred in leaf and stem with the highest incidence and Fusarium spp., in root. Among Penicillium spp. and Fusarium spp., P. olsonii and F. oxysporum were dominant, respectively. Nine Fusarium species, Aspergillus westerdijkiae, Aspergillus flavus, and 11 Penicillium species were identified by phylogenetic analysis. PCR screening of mycotoxigenic potential revealed that 19 out of 25 isolates tested were positive for respective mycotoxin biosynthetic gene. Two 2 A. flavus and 11 A. westerdijkiae isolates produced varying amount of aflatoxin or ochratoxin A in czapek yeast extract brothsome of which showed high levels of mycotoxin production. These results suggests a need for continuous monitoring and management program to control fungal contamination in the ginseng sprout production chain.

새싹삼의 곰팡이 발생을 조사하기 위해 18점의 유통중인 새싹삼을 수집하여 곰팡이 발생빈도를 분석하였다. 전체 시료의 총 곰팡이 발생빈도는 평균 113.3-174.1%였고 Penicillium spp.의 발생빈도가 가장 높았다. 곰팡이 발생빈도는 이끼가 잎, 줄기, 뿌리보다 유의하게 높았다. 잎과 줄기에서는 Penicillium spp.이, 뿌리에서는 Fusarium spp.의 발생이 높았으며 각각의 우점종은 P. olsonii와 F. oxysporum으로 동정되었다. 계통발생학적 분석을 통해 Fusarium spp.은 총 9개 종, Aspergillus spp.은 A. westerdijkiae와 A. favus, Penicillium spp.은 총 11개 종이 동정되었다. 곰팡이독소 생성 종으로 알려진 25균주의 독소형을 PCR로 검정한 결과 19점의 균주에서 각 독소형이 확인되었다. 이 중 A. flavus 2점과 A. westerdijkiae 11점이 aflatoxin과 ochratoxin A을 각각 생성하였고 일부 균주는 높은 독소생성능을 보였다. 이 결과는 새싹삼 생산에 있어 곰팡이 발생에 대한 지속적인 모니터링 및 관리방안이 필요함을 시사하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2021년 농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 전문연구원 과정 지원사업(과제번호: PJ01579003)에 의해 이루어진 것임.

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