Nuclear Engineering and Technology

  • 제53권9호
  • /
  • Pages.3035-3043
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1738-5733(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2234-358X(eISSN)
한국원자력학회 (Korean Nuclear Society)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A preliminary evaluation of the implementation of a radiation protection program for the lens of the eye in Korean nuclear power plants

  • Kong, Tae Young (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Chosun University) ;
  • Kim, Si Young (Central Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Cho, Moonhyung (Central Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Jung, Yoonhee (Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Son, Jung Kwon (Central Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Jang, Han (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Chosun University) ;
  • Kim, Hee Geun (Division of Energy & Electrical Engineering, Uiduk University)
  • 투고 : 2020.07.13
  • 심사 : 2021.04.01
  • 발행 : 2021.09.25
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Epidemiological research has revealed that radiation exposure can cause cataracts. The Korean nuclear regulatory body has proposed the reduction of the occupational dose limit for the lens of the eye from 150 mSv/y to 100 mSv/5y, with an additional limitation of not exceeding 50 mSv/y for a specific year, taking into account the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, and the International Atomic Energy Agency. This means that radiation workers should receive the same level of radiation safety for the lens of the eye as for whole-body protection. Korean nuclear power plants (NPPs) are conducting research to establish the radiation protection program for the lens of the eye. In terms of the preliminary results of the implementation of the radiation protection program for the lens of the eye dedicated to Korean NPPs, this review article summarizes the current state of understanding of the regulations, technical guidance, eye lens dosimeters, and radiation field conditions resulting in lens dose.

키워드

과제정보

This study was supported by research fund from Chosun University, 2020.

참고문헌

  1. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Guidance on Radiation Dose Limits for the Lens of the Eye, vol. 26, NCRP Commentary No., Bethesda, MD, 2016.
  2. A. Minamoto, H. Taniguchi, N. Yoshitani, et al., Cataracts in atomic bomb survivors, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 80 (2004) 339-345. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553000410001680332
  3. P. Hall, F. Granath, M. Lundell, et al., Lenticular opacities in individuals exposed to ionising radiation in infancy, Radiat. Res. 152 (1999) 190-195. https://doi.org/10.2307/3580093
  4. International Commission on Radiological Protection, The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication, vol. 103, Elsevier, Oxford, UK, 2007.
  5. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, Determination of Dose Equivalents Resulting from External Radiation Sources, ICRU Report, vol. 39, ICRU Publications, Bethesda, MD, 1985.
  6. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, Measurement of Dose Equivalents from External Radiation Sources, Part 2. ICRU Report, vol. 43, ICRU Publications, Bethesda, MD, 1988.
  7. International Committee on Radiological Protection, The 1990 Recommendation of the International Committee on Radiological Protection, vol. 60, ICRP Publication, Oxford, UK, 1990. Pergamon Press.
  8. Electric Power Research Institute, Lens of Eye Dose Guidance and Good Practices - Recommended Practices to Improve Readiness for Lens Dose Limit Changes at Nuclear Power Plants, Technical Report, Palo Alto, CA, 2017, 3002010626.
  9. International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Early and Late Effects of Radiation in Normal Tissues and Organs - Threshold Doses for Tissue Reactions in a Radiation Protection Context, ICRP Publication, vol. 118, Elsevier, Oxford, UK, 2012.
  10. International Atomic Energy Agency, Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards, vol. 3, IAEA, General Safety Requirements Part, Vienna, Austria, 2014.
  11. Nuclear Safety, Security Commission, Optimization of Technical Guidelines to Adopt the ICRP 103 and IAEA GSR Part 3 into Domestic Regulations, 2017. No. 2016-25, Seoul, Korea, [in Korean].
  12. International Atomic Energy Agency, International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources, IAEA, Safety Series No. 115, Vienna, Austria, 1996.
  13. European Union, Council Directive 2013/59 EURATOM Laying Down Basic Safety Standards for Protection against the Dangers Arising from Exposure to Ionising Radiation, and Repealing Directives 89/618/Euratom, 90/641/Euratom, 96/29/Euratom, 97/43/Euratom, and 2003/122/Euratom, Official Journal of the European Union, 2013.
  14. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Staff Requirements - SECY-08-0197 - Options to Revise Radiation Protection Regulations and Guidance with Respect to the 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, 2009. SRM-SECY-08-0197.
  15. US Federal Register, Advance notice of proposed rulemaking, request for comments 79 (143) (2014) 43284-43300.
  16. US Federal Register, Rulemaking Activities Being Discontinued by the NRC 81 (249) (2016) 95410-95412.
  17. International Organization for Standardization, Radiological Protection - Procedures for Monitoring the Dose to the Lens of the Eye, the Skin, and the Extremities, 2015. ISO 15382:2015, Geneva, Switzerland.
  18. International Atomic Energy Agency, Implications for occupational radiation protection of the new dose limit for the lens of the eye, IAEA-Tecdoc 1731 (2013).
  19. International Radiation Protection Association, IRPA Guidance on Implementation for Eye Dose Monitoring and Eye Protection of Workers, 2017.
  20. International Electrotechnical Commission, Radiation protection instrumentation - dosimetry systems with integrating passive detectors for individual, workplace and environmental monitoring of photon and beta radiation, IEC 62387 (2020).
  21. International Organization for Standardization, Radiological Protection - X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Dose Rate Meters and for Determining Their Response as a Function of Photon Energy - Part 1: Radiation Characteristics and Production Methods, 2019. ISO 4037-1: 2019, Geneva, Switzerland.
  22. International Organization for Standardization, Radiological Protection - X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Dose Rate Meters and for Determining Their Response as a Function of Photon Energy - Part 2: Dosimetry for Radiation Protection over the Energy Ranges 8 keV to 1.3 MeV and 4 MeV to 9 MeV, 2019. ISO 4037-2:2019, Geneva, Switzerland.
  23. International Organization for Standardization, Radiological Protection - X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Dose Rate Meters and for Determining Their Response as a Function of Photon Energy - Part 3: Calibration of Area and Personal Dosemeters and the Measurement of Their Response as a Function of Energy and Angle of Incidence, 2019. ISO 4037-3:2019. Geneva, Switzerland.
  24. International Organization for Standardization, Radiological Protection - X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Dose Rate Meters and for Determining Their Response as a Function of Photon Energy - Part 4: Calibration of Area and Personal Dosemeters in Low Energy X Reference Radiation Fields, 2019. ISO 4037-4:2019, Geneva, Switzerland.
  25. International Organization for Standardization, Nuclear Energy - Reference Beta-Particle Radiation - Part 1: Methods of Production, 2006. ISO 6980-1: 2006. Geneva, Switzerland.
  26. International Organization for Standardization, Nuclear Energy - Reference Beta-Particle Radiation - Part 2: Calibration Fundamentals Related to Basic Quantities Characterizing the Radiation Field, 2004. ISO 6980-2:2004, Geneva, Switzerland.
  27. E. Carinou, P. Ferrari, O.C. Bjelac, M. Gingaume, M.S. Merce, U. O'Connor, Eye lens monitoring for interventional radiology personnel: dosemeters, calibration and practical aspects of Hp(3) monitoring. A 2015 review, J. Radiol. Prot. 35 (2015) R17-R34. https://doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/35/3/R17
  28. Thermo Fisher Scientific, Harshaw TLD Materials and Dosimeters, Waltham, MA, US, 2016 [cited August 2019], Available from, https://www.thermofisher.com/dosimetry.
  29. F. Vanhavere, et al., ORAMED: Optimization of Radiation Protection of Medical Staff, Final Report, Mol. Belgium, 2012.
  30. RADCARD, EYE-D, krakow, Poland [cited August 2019], Available from, https://www.radcard.pl.
  31. Public Health England, Eye dosemeters, oxon, UK, updated 2014 [cited August 2019], Available from, https://www.phe-protectionservices.org.uk/pds.
  32. IRSN, The eye lens dosimeter - DOSIRIS, croissy sur seine, France [cited August 2019], Available from, https://www.dosimetre.irsn.fr.
  33. LANDAUER, LANDAUER VISION, glenwood, IL, US, updated 2018 [cited August 2019], Available from, https://www.landauer.com.
  34. International Electrotechnical Commission, Radiation Protection Instrumentation - Passive Integrating Dosimetry Systems for Personal and Environmental Monitoring of Photon and Beta Radiation, 2012. IEC 62387.
  35. J. Dubeau, J. Sun, N. Leroux, J. Atanackovic, L.T. Dauer, S.S. Hakmana Witharana, A. Hanu, A study on the use of modified extremity dosemeters for the measurement of Hp(3,α), Radiat. Meas. 140 (2021) 106491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106491
  36. H.G. Kim, T.Y. Kong, Selection of the most appropriate two-dosemeter algorithm for estimating effective dose equivalent during maintenance periods in Korean nuclear power plants, Radiat. Protect. Dosim. 140 (2) (2010) 171-181. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncq073
  37. Korea Hydro, Nuclear Power, Development of Extremity Dose Measurement Technology and Assessment for Radiation Workers at Nuclear Power Plants (Final Report), R07NF15, KHNP, Seoul, Korea, 2009 [in Korean].
  38. Information System on Occupational Exposure, ISOE Country Reports, OECD/NEA, 2018.
  39. Korea Hydro, Nuclear Power, Development of Radiation Protection Program for the Lens of the Eye at Nuclear Power Plants, KHNP, 2020-50003339-Jeon-0447IR, Midterm report., Gyeongju, Korea, 2020 [in Korean].
  40. Korea Hydro, Nuclear Power, Radiation Exposure Dose Management, Standard Radiation Procedure, Radiation-8353, Rev., vol. 1, KHNP, Gyeongju, Korea, 2017 [in Korean].
  41. Electric Power Research Institute, Eye Lens Dosimetry and Shielding Protection Factors, Technical Report, Palo Alto, CA, 2020, 3002018406.
  42. T.Y. Kong, et al., Administrative dose control for occupationally-exposed workers in Korean nuclear power plants, Nuclear Engineering and Technology 53 (1) (2021) 351-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2020.06.023