References
- Henningfield JE. Nicotine medications for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1196-203. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199511023331807
- Woolf A, Burkhart K, Caraccio T, Litovitz T. Self-poisoning among adults using multiple transdermal nicotine patches. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1996;34:691-8. https://doi.org/10.3109/15563659609013830
- Kemp PM, Sneed GS, George CE, Distefano RF. Postmortem distribution of nicotine and cotinine from a case involving the simultaneous administration of multiple nicotine transdermal systems. J Anal Toxicol 1997;21:310-3. https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/21.4.310
- Solarino B, Riesselmann B, Buschmann CT, Tsokos M. Multidrug poisoning involving nicotine and tramadol. Forensic Sci Int 2010;194:e17-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.09.019
- Tjoncke JA, Goncalves R, Castaing N, Molimard M, Tovagliaro F, Titier K. Death related to nicotine replacement therapy: a case report. Forensic Sci Int 2020;309:110223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110223
- Montalto N, Brackett CC, Sobol T. Use of transdermal nicotine systems in a possible suicide attempt. J Am Board Fam Pract 1994;7:417-420.
- Lardi C, Vogt S, Pollak S, Thierauf A. Complex suicide with homemade nicotine patches. Forensic Sci Int 2014;236:e14-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.12.017
- Kamble A, Khairkar P, Kalantri SP, Babhulkar S. Fatal suicidal attempt by deliberate ingestion of nicotine-containing solution in childhood-onset depression mediated through internet suicide guideline: a case report. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24:719-21. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23524
- Thornton SL, Oller L, Sawyer T. Fatal intravenous injection of electronic nicotine delivery system refilling solution. J Med Toxicol 2014;10:202-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-014-0380-9
- Palmer KJ, Buckley MM, Faulds D. Transdermal nicotine. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy as an aid to smoking cessation. Drugs 1992;44:498-529. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199244030-00011
- Fant RV, Henningfield JE, Shiffman S, Strahs KR, Reitberg DP. A pharmacokinetic crossover study to compare the absorption characteristics of three transdermal nicotine patches. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2000;67:479-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0091-3057(00)00399-3
- Nicotine. [Internet]. Dallas, TX: Drugs.com; c2021 [cited 2021 Jul 29]. Available from: https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nicotine.html.
- Sohn YD, Lee JS, Kang GH, Choi JT, Ahn ME, Seo JY, et al. Nicotine poisoning using nicotine patches. Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology 2007;5:53-6.