Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

  • 제54권5호
  • /
  • Pages.330-339
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1975-8375(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4521(eISSN)
대한예방의학회 (The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Tobacco Control Stakeholder Perspectives on the Future of Tobacco Marketing Regulation in Indonesia: A Modified Delphi Study

  • 투고 : 2021.04.05
  • 심사 : 2021.06.25
  • 발행 : 2021.09.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives: Tobacco control in Indonesia is very lenient compared to international standards. This study explored the perspectives of tobacco control stakeholders (TCSs) on the likelihood of advancing tobacco marketing regulation in Indonesia. Methods: Data were collected from TCSs who were members of the Indonesia Tobacco Control Network group in a modified Delphi study. We collected the data in 2 waves using a questionnaire that comprised a set of closed and open-ended questions. For this paper, we analysed 2 of the 3 sections of the questionnaire: (1) tobacco advertising, promotions, and sponsorship (TAPS) bans, and (2) marketing and retailing regulations. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the scores using Stata/IC.13 and summarised the comments for each item. Results: The TCSs viewed the measures/strategies across all aspects of TAPS and tobacco marketing regulation as highly desirable, but provided varied responses on their feasibility. They rated political feasibility lower than technical feasibility for most measures. Advancing TAPS measures and prohibition of selling to minors were considered more attainable by sub-national governments, while prohibition of tobacco corporate social responsibility was considered as the least feasible measure in the next 5 years. Conclusions: Despite little optimism for substantial national-level change, there is a positive expectation that sub-national governments will strengthen their tobacco control regulation. It is paramount that the government reduce tobacco industry leverage by implementing Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Extending advocacy networks beyond tobacco control groups and framing tobacco control more effectively are necessary steps.

키워드

과제정보

We would like to thank all tobacco control stakeholders for their valuable contributions to the study.

참고문헌

  1. Cairney P, Studlar DT, Mamudu HM. Global tobacco control: power, policy, governance and transfer. London: Palgrave Macmillan; 2012, p. 45-71.
  2. World Health Organization. Tobacco; 2020 [cited 2021 May 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco.
  3. Government of Indonesia. Government regulation No. 81 year 1999 on controlling cigarette for health [cited 2021 May 20]. Available from: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/5324/pp-no-109-tahun-2012 (Indonesian).
  4. Government of Indonesia. Bill of Republic of Indonesia No. 36 year 2009 regarding health [cited 2021 May 20]. Available from: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/38778/uu-no-36-tahun-2009 (Indonesian).
  5. Government of Indonesia. Government regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 109 year 2012 regarding controlling substance containing addictive substance in the form of tobacco product for health [cited 2021 May 20]. Available from: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/5324/pp-no-109-tahun-2012 (Indonesian).
  6. Astuti PA, Assunta M, Freeman B. Raising generation 'A': a case study of millennial tobacco company marketing in Indonesia. Tob Control 2018;27(e1):e41-e49. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054131
  7. Astuti PA, Kurniasari NM, Mulyawan KH, Sebayang SK, Freeman B. From glass boxes to social media engagement: an audit of tobacco retail marketing in Indonesia. Tob Control 2019; 28(e2):e133-e140. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054833
  8. Astuti PA, Freeman B. "It is merely a paper tiger." Battle for increased tobacco advertising regulation in Indonesia: content analysis of news articles. BMJ Open 2017;7(9):e016975. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016975
  9. Rosser A. Contesting tobacco-control policy in Indonesia. Crit Asian Stud 2015;47(1):69-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2015.997083
  10. Hurt RD, Ebbert JO, Achadi A, Croghan IT. Roadmap to a tobacco epidemic: transnational tobacco companies invade Indonesia. Tob Control 2012;21(3):306-312. https://doi.org/10.1136/tc.2010.036814
  11. Achadi A, Soerojo W, Barber S. The relevance and prospects of advancing tobacco control in Indonesia. Health Policy 2005;72(3):333-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.09.009
  12. Astuti PA, Assunta M, Freeman B. Why is tobacco control progress in Indonesia stalled? - a qualitative analysis of interviews with tobacco control experts. BMC Public Health 2020;20(1):527. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08640-6
  13. Assunta M, Jirathanapiwat W. Terminate tobacco industry corporate giving: a review of CSR in ASEAN; 2016 [cited 2021 Aug 15]. Available from: http://seatca.org/dmdocuments/CSR%20report%202016.pdf.
  14. Ministry of Home Affairs, Republic of Indonesia. Basic data Ministry of Home Affairs year 2017 [cited 2021 Aug 15]. Available from: https://kemendagri.go.id/documents/2018/08/5def011bdb8fd276af06f86c27eb69e6.pdf (Indonesian).
  15. People Democratic Assembly Republic of Indonesia. Stipulation of people Democratic Assembly Republic of Indonesia No. XV/MPR/1998 year 1998 concerning [cited 2021 Aug 15]. Available from: https://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/ detail/lt4ffe94f64b75a/ketetapan-mpr-nomor-xv-mpr1998-tahun-1998/document (Indonesian).
  16. Tobacco Control Support Center-Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (TCSC-IAKMI). Indonesian tobacco atlas 2020 [cited 2021 Aug 15]. Available from: http://www.tcsc-indonesia.org/tcsc-2/ (Indonesian).
  17. Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. National report of basic health survey 2018 [cited 2019 Oct 10]. Available from: http://repository.litbang.kemkes.go.id/3514/1/Laporan%20Riskesdas%202018%20Nasional.pdf (Indonesian).
  18. Astuti PA, Mulyawan KH, Sebayang SK, Kurniasari NM, Freeman B. Cigarette retailer density around schools and neighbourhoods in Bali, Indonesia: a GIS mapping. Tob Induc Dis 2019;17:55.
  19. World Health Organization. Indonesia: Global Youth Tobacco Survey: 2019 factsheet [cited 2021 May 1]. Available from: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/searo/tobacco/global-youth-tobacco-survey/gyts-indonesia-extended-factsheet.pdf?sfvrsn=d202f34f_3.
  20. Septiono W, Kuipers MAG, Ng N, Kunst AE. Self-reported exposure of Indonesian adolescents to online and offline tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS). Tob Control 2021. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-056080.
  21. Adler M, Ziglio E. Gazing into the oracle: the Delphi method and its application to social policy and public health. 1st ed. London: Jessica Kingsley; 1996, p. 9-11.
  22. Tjandra N. 'Disneyland for Big Tobacco': how Indonesia's lax smoking laws are helping next generation to get hooked; 2018 [cited 2019 Jul 28]. Available from: https://theconversation.com/disneyland-for-big-tobacco-how-indonesias-lax-smoking-laws-are-helping-next-generation-to-get-hooked-97489.
  23. World Health Organization. Indonesia: Bogor [cited 2020 Nov 3]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ncds/publications/Bogor-case-study-final.pdf.
  24. World Health Organization. Philippines: Balanga city [cited 2020 Nov 3]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ncds/publications/Balanga-Case-Study-final.pdf.
  25. Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Success to ban cigarette advertisements in their area, 10 jurisdictions received Pastika awya Pariwara; 2018 [cited 2019 Oct 10]. Available from https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/18060400001/berhasil-larang-iklan-rokok-di-wilayahnya-10-daerah-dapatpenghargaan-pastika-awya-pariwara.html (Indonesian).
  26. Fajar Sumatera. Lampung received Pastika Parama; 2018 [cited 2019 Oct 10]. Available from: https://fajarsumatera.co.id/lampung-raih-penghargaan-pastika-parama/ (Indonesian).
  27. The Union. Indonesian mayors' alliance advances tobacco control; 2017 [cited 2020 Nov 3]. Available from: https://theunion.org/news/indonesian-mayors%E2%80%99-alliance-advances-tobacco-control.
  28. Child Friendly Districts-Cities. Indicator KLA [cited 2019 Jun 27]. Available from: https://www.kla.id/indikator-kla/ (Indonesian).
  29. Centre of Health Promotion Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. General guideline for utilization of local cigarette tax for health; 2014 [cited 2019 Nov 15]. Available from: https://promkes.kemkes.go.id/wp-content/uploads/pdf/buku_pedoman/Buku%20Panduan%20Penggunaan%20Pajak%20Rokok.pdf (Indonesian).
  30. Thai Health Promotion Foundation. Who we are-the three power strategy [cited 2019 Nov 15]. Available from: https://en.thaihealth.or.th/WHO_WE_ARE/TRI-POWER_STRATEGY/.
  31. Chapman S, Freeman B. The cancer emperor's new clothes: Australia's historic legislation for plain tobacco packaging. BMJ 2010;340:c2436. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c2436
  32. Chapman S. World Trade Organisation gives Australia's plain tobacco packs the (draft) thumbs up; 2017 [cited 2019 Oct 20]. Available from: https://theconversation.com/world-trade-organisation-gives-australias-plain-tobacco-packs-the-draft-thumbs-up-77234.
  33. Afifa L. Cigarette businesses reject govt's massive health warning plan. Tempo; 2019 Oct 2 [cited 2021 May 20]. Available from: https://en.tempo.co/read/1255157/cigarette-businesses-reject-govts-massive-health-warning-plan.
  34. Government of Indonesia. Bill of Republic of Indonesia No. 40 year 2007 regarding limited company [cited 2021 May 20]. Available from: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/39965/uu-no-40-tahun-2007 (Indonesian).
  35. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Guidelines for implementation of Article 5.3 [cited 2019 Jan 10]. Available from: https://www.who.int/fctc/guidelines/adopted/article_5_3/en/.