Acknowledgement
This paper was supported by grant from Catholic University of Pusan, 2021.
References
- Rieder CE. Customized implant abutment copings to achieve biologic, mechanical, and esthetic objectives. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1996;16:20-29.
- Heydecke G, Sierraalta M, Razzoog ME. Evolution and use of aluminum oxide single-tooth implant abutments: a short review and presentation of two cases. Int J Prosthodont. 2002;15:488-493.
- Wu T, Liao W, Dai N, Tang C. Design of a custom angled abutment for dental implants using computer-aided design and nonlinear finite element analysis. J Biomech. 2010;43:1941-1946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.03.017
- Grossmann Y, Pasciuta M, Finger IM. A novel technique using a coded healing abutment for the fabrication of a CAD/CAM titanium abutment for an implant-supported restoration. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;95:258-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2005.12.013
- Winkler S, Ring K, Ring JD, Boberick KG. Implant screw mechanics and the settling effect: overview. J Oral Implantol. 2003;29:242-245. https://doi.org/10.1563/1548-1336(2003)029<0242:ISMATS>2.3.CO;2
- Alkan I, Sertgoz A, Ekici B. Influence of occlusal forces on stress distribution in preloaded dental implant screws. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;91:319-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.01.016
- Wang RF, Kang B, Lang LA, Razzoog ME. The dynamic natures of implant loading. J Prosthet Dent. 2009;101:359-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(09)60079-2
- Karaman T, Kahraman OE. Comparison of reverse torque in different types of implant screw systems. J Int Dent Med Res. 2020;13:101-105.
- Seddigh MA, Mostafavi AS. Implant abutment screw loosening: a review of effective factors. JCDR. 2019;13:ZE06-ZE09.
- Huang Y, Wang J. Mechanism of and factors associated with the loosening of the implant abutment screw: a review. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2019;31:338-345. https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.12494
- Zembic A, Philipp AO, Hammerle CH, Wohlwend A, Sailer I. Eleven-year follow-up of a prospective study of zirconia implant abutments supporting single all-ceramic crowns in anterior and premolar regions. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2015;17 Suppl 2:e417-e426. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12263
- Jorn D, Kohorst P, Besdo S, Rucker M, Stiesch M, Borchers L. Influence of lubricant on screw preload and stresses in a finite element model for a dental implant. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112:340-348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.10.016
- Kayabasi O, Ekici B. The effects of static, dynamic and fatigue behavior on three-dimensional shape optimization of hip prosthesis by finite element method. Mater Des. 2007;28:2269-2277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.08.012
- Verplancke K, De Waele W, De Bruyn H. Dental implants, what should be known before starting an in vitro study. Int J Sustain Constr Des. 2011;2:360-369.
- Wu YL, Tsai MH, Chen HS, Chang YT, Lin TT, Wu AY. Biomechanical effects of original equipment manufacturer and aftermarket abutment screws in zirconia abutment on dental implant assembly. Sci Rep. 2020;10:18406. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75469-9
- Akca K, Cehreli MC, Iplikcioglu H. Evaluation of the mechanical characteristics of the implant-abutment complex of a reduced-diameter morse-taper implant. A nonlinear finite element stress analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003;14:444-454. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.00828.x
- Jorneus L, Jemt T, Carlsson L. Loads and designs of screw joints for single crowns supported by osseointegrated implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1992;7:353-359.
- English CE. Externally hexed implants, abutments, and transfer devices: a comprehensive overview. Implant Dent. 1992;1:273-282. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008505-199200140-00009
- Rangert B, Jemt T, Jorneus L. Forces and moments on Branemark implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1989;4:241-247.
- Bulaqi HA, Mousavi Mashhadi M, Safari H, Samandari MM, Geramipanah F. Dynamic nature of abutment screw retightening: finite element study of the effect of retightening on the settling effect. J Prosthet Dent. 2015;113:412-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.09.017
- Hotinski E, Dudley J. Abutment screw loosening in angulation-correcting implants: an in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent. 2019;121:151-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.03.005
- Jung WK, Lee WS, Kwon HB. Effects of abutment screw preload in two implant connection systems: a 3D finite element study. J Prosthet Dent. 2019;122:474.e1-474.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.04.025
- Versluis A, Korioth TW, Cardoso AC. Numerical analysis of a dental implant system preloaded with a washer. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;14:337-341.
- Sakaguchi RL, Borgersen SE. Nonlinear contact analysis of preload in dental implant screws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1995;10:295-302.
- Lang LA, Kang B, Wang RF, Lang BR. Finite element analysis to determine implant preload. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;90:539-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2003.09.012
- Bulaqi HA, Barzegar A, Paknejad M, Safari H. Assessment of preload, remaining torque, and removal torque in abutment screws under different frictional conditions: a finite element analysis. J Prosthet Dent. 2019;121:548.e1-548.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.10.035
- McGlumphy EA. Keeping implant screws tight: the solution. J Dent Symp. 1993;1:20-23.
- Lemos CA, de Souza Batista VE, Almeida DA, Santiago Junior JF, Verri FR, Pellizzer EP. Evaluation of cement-retained versus screw-retained implant-supported restorations for marginal bone loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent. 2016;115:419-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.08.026
- Liu YJ, Cui SM, He C, Li JK, Wang QY. High cycle fatigue behavior of implant Ti-6Al-4V in air and simulated body fluid. Biomed Mater Eng. 2014;24:263-269.