Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (농업과학연구)

Institute of Agricultural Science, CNU (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of growth performance, blood metabolites, testosterone, and carcass characteristics according to complete and hemi-castration in Hanwoo

  • Ahn, Jun Sang (Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jang, Sun Sik (Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Ui Hyung (Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Hwang, So Mi (Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Won, Jeong Il (Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Ji, Hee Chung (Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jin, Shil (Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Byung Ki (Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kwon, Eung Gi (Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2021.05.07
  • Accepted : 2021.06.17
  • Published : 2021.09.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to provide basic data for efficient Hanwoo beef production by conducting a comparison of growth performance, blood metabolites, testosterone, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo according to complete and hemi-castration. Twelve Hanwoo calves were allotted to two treatment groups as follows: CC = complete-castration and HC = hemi-castration method of removing only one testicle. At the end of the test, the body weight was 66 kg higher in HC than in CC, and the average daily gain increased by 12.6% (p < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was significantly improved in HC compared to CC (p < 0.05). Serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in CC than HC in both the growing and fattening periods (p < 0.05), and serum testosterone concentrations before castration were similar between HC and CC, but steadily increasing in HC after castration. Back fat thickness and marbling score were significantly higher in CC than HC in the entire period (p < 0.01). In the results of this study, hemi-castration can improve body weight gain and feed conversion ratio due to the influence of male hormones compared to complete castration, but it is considered that there will be difficulties in producing high-quality meat with a high marbling score.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원의 한우 거세방법별 단기비육 기술개발 (PJ01422901) 연구 및 전문연구원과정 지원사업에 의해 수행되었습니다.

References

  1. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 2005. Official method of analysis, 15th Ed. AOAC, Washington, D.C., USA.
  2. Barnes MA, Boockfor FR, Bierley ST, Kazmer GW, Halman RD, Dickey JF. 1981. Effect of unilateral castration and unilateral cryptorchidism on gonadotropin and testosterone response to gonadotropin releasing hormone in the bull. Journal of Animal Science 53:1341-1350. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1981.5351341x
  3. Cohen RDH, King BD, Thomas LR, Janzen ED. 1990. Efficacy and stress of chemical versus surgical castration of cattle. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 70:1063-1072. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas90-129
  4. Cosgrove GP, Knight TW, Lambert MG, Death AF. 1996. Effects of post-pubertal castration and diet on growth rate and meat quality of bulls. New Zealand Society of Animal Production 56:390-393.
  5. Gulia S, Sarkar M, Kumar V, Meyer HHD, Prakash BS. 2010. Divergent development of testosterone secretion in male zebu (Bos indicus) and crossbred cattle (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) and buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during growth. Tropical Animal Health and Production 42:1143-1148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-010-9538-x
  6. Jasper HG. 1985. Somatomedin response to testosterone stimulation in children with male pseudohermaphroditism, cryptorchidism, anorchia, or micropenis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 60:910-913. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-60-5-910
  7. Jeong S. 2016. The inhibitory effect of testosterone on PPARγ-induced adipogenesis. Korean Journal of Obesity 25:68-76. [in Korean] https://doi.org/10.7570/kjo.2016.25.2.68
  8. Jung KK, Choi CB, Park NC, Do JC, Choi CW, Lee SY. 1996a. Effect of castration method on stress responses and body weight changes in Hanwoo calves. In Proceedings The 8th AAAP Animal Science Congress 2:546-547.
  9. KAPE (Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation). 2020. Animal products grading statistical yearbook. The 15th edition. No. 11-b552679-000006-12. p. 38. KAPE, Sejong, Korea. [in Korean]
  10. Kim BK, Jung DJ, Lee JH, Hwang EG, Choi CB. 2011. Comparison of growth performances and physico-chemical characteristics of Hanwoo bulls and steers of different slaughtering ages. Food Science of Animal Resources 31:257-265. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2011.31.2.257
  11. Kim GW, Kim JH. 2017. Analysis of the influence of sex, slaughter season, and feeding system on carcass traits in Hanwoo. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science 44:375-383. [in Korean] https://doi.org/10.7744/kjoas.20170035
  12. Kim HS, Kim DH, Ryu KZ, Kim CM, Park DB. 1992. The effects of testosterone on the pituitary growth hormone seretion. Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics 35:174-181.
  13. Kim MJ. 2018. A study on relationship of blood metabolites and carcass traits in Hanwoo steers. Master dissertation, Kangwon Univ., Chuncheon, Korea. [in Korean]
  14. Knight TW, Cosgrove GP, Death AF, Anderson CB. 1999. Effect of interval from castration of bulls to slaughter on carcass characteristics and meat quality. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 42:269-277. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1999.9513376
  15. Kwak BO, Ha JK, Chang BS. 1995. Effect of dietary fat and bST injections on growth performance, serum metabolites and hormones in finishing Korean native cattle. Journal of Animal Science and Technology 37:167-178. [in Korean]
  16. Lee KC. 2002. Effects of castration age on blood hormone concentrations and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo. Master dissertation, Yeungnam Univ., Gyeongsan, Korea. [in Korean]
  17. Lee SM, Hyun JH, Lee SJ, Kim ET, Moon YH, Lee SS. 2016. Comparative studies among bull, steer and heifer on growth performance, blood composition and carcass characteristics according to fattening phase in Hanwoo. Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture 24:931-944. [in Korean] https://doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2016.24.4.931
  18. Lim H, Ahn JS, Kim MJ, Son GH, Park JK, Shim JY, Shin JS. 2018. Effects of weaning and castration ages on growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics in Hanwoo steers. Journal of Animal Science and Technology 60:30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40781-018-0188-2
  19. MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Aairs). 2018. Grade rule for cattle carcass in Korea. Korea Ministry of Govern-ment Legislation, Seoul, Korea. [in Korean]
  20. NLRC (Nonghyup Livestock Research Center). 2003. Optimum age at castration for economic advantage in Hanwoo. Final report. p. 50. Nonghyup, Seoul, Korea. [in Korean]
  21. Oh YS, Cho SB, Baek KH, Choi CB. 2005. Effects of testosterone, 17β-estradiol, and progesterone on the differentiaton of bovine intramuscular adipocytes. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 18:1589-1593. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2005.1589
  22. Parker MW, Johanson AJ, Rogol AD, Kaiser DL, Blizzard RM. 1984. Effect of testosterone on somatomedin-C concentrations in prepubertal boys. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 58:87-90. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-58-1-87
  23. Schanbacher BD, Fletcher PW, Reichert Jr LE. 1987. Testicular compensatory hypertrophy in the hemicastrated calf: Effects of exogenous estradiol. Biology of Reproduction 36:1142-1148. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod36.5.1142
  24. Singh R, Artaza JN, Taylor WE, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF, Bhasin S. 2003. Androgens stimulate myogenic differentiation and inhibit aipogenesis in C3H 10T1/2 pluripotent cells through an androgen receptor-mediated pathway. Endocrinology 144:5081-5088. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0741
  25. Sinha-Hikim I, Roth SM, Lee MI, Bhasin S. 2003. Testosterone-induced muscle hypertrophy is associated with an increase in satellite cell number in healthy, young men. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 285:197-205. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00370.2002
  26. Sundby A, Andresen O, Standal N. 1981. Effect of hemicastration on the level of testicular steroids and growth in bulls and boars. Theriogenology 16:249-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(81)90010-8
  27. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74:3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  28. Warwick EJ, Putnam PA, Hiner RL, Davis RE. 1970. Effects of castration on performance and carcass characters of monozygotic bovine twins. Journal of Animal Science 31:296-301. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1970.312296x
  29. Zirkin BR, Chen H. 2000. Regulation of Leydig cell steroidogenic function during aging. Biology of Reproduction 63:977-981. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod63.4.977