The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Chewing gum as a non-pharmacological alternative for orthodontic pain relief: A randomized clinical trial using an intention-to-treat analysis

  • da Silva Santos, Diego Junior (Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University) ;
  • Capelli, Jonas Jr. (Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University)
  • Received : 2020.08.14
  • Accepted : 2021.02.01
  • Published : 2021.09.25
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Abstract

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and chewing gum for orthodontic pain relief and to assess if chewing gum can be a non-pharmacological alternative for orthodontic pain relief. Methods: The study enrolled 106 patients of both sexes, aged ≥ 12 years, with body weight > 50 kg, and mild-to-moderate dental crowding in the upper arch. After randomization and allocation concealment, the intervention groups were either administered with ibuprofen (400 mg) or acetaminophen (500 mg) or chewed sugar-free chewing gum immediately after initial archwire placement and every 6 hours for 1 week if the pain persisted. The control group did not receive any pain relief. The pain was assessed on a 100-mm visual analog scale at rest and while biting down at T1 (2 hours), T2 (24 hours), T3 (2 days), T4 (3 days), T5 (7 days), and T6 (21 days). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Results: The chewing gum group experienced more pain relief than the ibuprofen group at while biting down at T3 (p = 0.04) and at rest at T4 (p < 0.001). The chewing gum group reported more pain relief than the acetaminophen and control groups while biting down at T3 (p = 0.03 and p = 0.0006, respectively) and T4 (both p < 0.001). Conclusions: Chewing gum can be a non-pharmacological alternative for orthodontic pain relief at 2 and 3 days after initial archwire placement.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank Prof. Ronir Raggio Luiz and Prof. Klaus Barreto for their assistance in the statistical analysis of the study data. This study was part of the first author's Ph.D. program at the Rio de Janeiro State University. The first author received a scholarship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement) CAPES-Brazil.

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