Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Change of dietary habits and the use of home meal replacement and delivered foods due to COVID-19 among college students in Chungcheong province, Korea

충청지역 일부 대학생의 코로나-19 이후 식생활 변화, 가정간편식과 배달음식 이용 실태

  • Kim, Mi-Hyun (Department of Food and Nutrition, Kongju National University) ;
  • Yeon, Jee-Young (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University)
  • Received : 2021.05.23
  • Accepted : 2021.07.06
  • Published : 2021.08.31
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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in the use of home meal replacement (HMR) and delivered foods and food habits of college students due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: A survey was conducted on 460 male and female college students in Chungcheong province in December 2020. Results: The methods of participation in classes in the 2nd semester of 2020 were 40.2% for '100% non-face-to-face' and 40.4% for 'more than 70.0% of non-face-to-face classes'. 52.8% of the subjects responded that their physical activity had decreased, while 36.1% of the subjects responded that their body weight had increased over the past 6 months. Regarding the use of HMR, 62.7% of the male students and 69.6% of the female students responded with '1-2 times a week or less' before the outbreak of COVID-19. After the outbreak, 57.4% of males and 46.7% of females responded with '3-4 times a week or more' (p < 0.05, p < 0.001). As for the use of delivered food, 58.3% of the females responded with '2-3 times a month or less' before the outbreak, whereas the rate of responding with '1 or more times a week' after the outbreak was 64.6% (p < 0.001). Negative changes in food habits caused by COVID-19 were in the order of irregular meals (56.7%), increased intake of delivered food (42.2%), increased intake of snacks (33.3%), and increased intake of processed foods such as HMR (30.4%). Conclusion: As mentioned above, many college students had non-face-to-face classes due to COVID-19. During this period, they experienced decreased physical activity, weight gain, and undesirable eating habits such as irregular meal time, and increased intake of processed foods, delivery foods, and snacks. Therefore, there is a high need for nutrition education and policy support for the prevention and management of health and nutrition problems of college students, which can be caused due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

충청지역 소재 대학에 재학 중인 남녀 대학생 460명을 대상으로 2020년 12월에 학업방식과 식생활 실태에 대한 조사를 통해 코로나-19로 인한 대학생의 식생활 문제를 제시하고자 하였다. 조사 항목은 일반사항, 비대면 수업 실태, 최근 6개월 동안의 신체활동 및 체중변화, 식습관 (코로나-19 발생 전·후의 식습관 변화, 가정간편식 및 배달음식의 이용 실태)으로 구성하였다. 연구대상자가 재학 중인 대학교의 소재지는 '시'의 비율이 69.4%였으며, 주요 거주지는 '가족과 함께 자택'이 59.1%로 가장 높았다. 주된 수업참여 방식은 '70.0% 이상 비대면'이 40.4%, '100% 비대면'이 40.2%로 나타났고, 수업을 수강한 장소는 97.6%가 '집이나 기숙사의 자기 공간(방)'이었다. 최근 6개월 동안의 신체활동 변화는 전체 연구대상자의 52.8%가 신체활동이 감소한 것으로 응답하였고, 체중변화는 남학생의 47.8%가 체중 증가로 나타나 여학생의 32.2%에 비해 높았다 (p < 0.01). 가정간편식의 이용 빈도 분석결과, 코로나-19 발생 전에는 '주 1~2회/한 달에 2~3회/한 달에 1회 이하'로 응답한 비율이 남학생 62.7%, 여학생 69.6%로 높았던 반면, 코로나-19 발생 후에는 '주 3-4회/주 5-6회/하루 1회 이상'으로 응답한 비율이 남학생 57.4%, 여학생 46.7%로 높게 나타나 코로나-19 발생 후 가정간편식의 이용 빈도가 증가한 것으로 나타났다 (p < 0.05, p < 0.001). 배달음식의 이용 빈도는 여학생의 경우 코로나-19 발생 전 '한 달에 2-3회/한 달에 1회 이하'로 응답한 비율이 58.3%로 높았던 반면, 코로나-19 발생 후에는 '주 1-2회/주3-4회/주 5-6회/하루 1회 이상'으로 응답한 비율이 64.6%로 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.001). 코로나-19로 인해 비대면 수업이 진행되면서 식습관에 미친 부정적인 변화로는 '불규칙한 식사' (56.7%)의 비율이 가장 높았으며, '배달음식 섭취 증가' (42.2%), '간식 섭취 증가' (33.3%), 'HMR과 같은 가공식품 섭취 증가' (30.4%)의 순으로 나타났다. 대상자가 경험한 긍정적인 식습관의 변화로는 '음주빈도 감소'가 33.9%로 가장 높았고, '외식 빈도 감소' (26.1%), '직접 조리 증가' (24.4%)로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 대학생들은 코로나-19로 인해 비대면 수업 참여 비율이 높았고, 이 시기 동안 대학생들은 활동량 감소와 체중 증가, 불규칙한 식생활, 가공식품·배달음식·간식 섭취 증가와 같은 바람직하지 못한 식습관 문제의 증가를 경험하였다. 따라서 코로나-19로 인해 제한된 외부 활동과 식생활의 변화로 나타날 수 있는 대학생의 건강과 영양문제의 예방과 관리를 위한 영양교육과 정책적 지원의 필요성이 높은 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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