참고문헌
- Abaraogu UO, Ugwa WO, Onwuka E, et al. Effect of single and double backpack strap loading on gait and perceived exertion of young adults. Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. 2016;29(1):109-115. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-150605
- Ahn SJ, Choi EH, Kim MK. The effects of kinesiology taping and pectoralis minor self-stretching on posture change and muscle tone in adults with rounded shoulder posture. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2019;14(4):81-91.
- Ammendolia C, Kerr MS, Bombardier C. Back belt use for prevention of occupational low back pain: a systematic review. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2005;28(2):128-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.01.009
- Bae WS, Lee HO, Shin JW, et al. The effect of middle and lower trapezius strength exercises and levator scapulae and upper trapezius stretching exercises in upper crossed syndrome. Journal of physical therapy science. 2016;28(5):1636-1639. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1636
- Bonney RA, Corlett EN. Head posture and loading of the cervical spine. Applied ergonomics. 2002;33(5):415-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-6870(02)00036-4
- Borstad JD, Ludewig PM. The effect of long versus short pectoralis minor resting length on scapular kinematics in healthy individuals. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2005;35(4):227-238. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2005.35.4.227
- Cho H. Change of craniovertebral angle (CVA) and respiration on application correction method of posture and breathing accessory muscle exercise in forward head posture (FHP). Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine. 2015;3(3):89-94. https://doi.org/10.15268/ksim.2015.3.3.089
- Choi YJ, Hwang R. Effect of cervical and thoracic stretching and strengthening exercise program on forward head posture. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association. 2011;11(10):293-300. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2011.11.10.293
- Han SC, Harrison P. Myofascial pain syndrome and trigger-point management. Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. 1997;22(1):89-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1098-7339(06)80062-3
- Hanten WP, Lucio RM, Russell JL, et al. Assessment of total head excursion and resting head posture. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1991;72(11):877-880. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9993(91)90003-2
- Khosravi F, Peolsson A, Karimi N, et al. Scapular upward rotator morphologic characteristics in individuals with and without forward head posture: a case-control study. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 2019;38(2):337-345. https://doi.org/10.1002/jum.14693
- Kim HW, Gwon OY, Lee CH, et al. Effects of Intentional abdominal muscle contraction on lumbar muscle activities andLumbar extension during lifting above the shoulders. Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea. 2006;25(2):147-154. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2006.25.2.147
- Kim JY, Kwag KI. Clinical effects of deep cervical flexor muscle activation in patients with chronic neck pain. Journal of physical therapy science. 2016;28(1):269-273. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.269
- Kwon HC, Jeong DH. Comparison of electromyographic activities in the neck region according to the screen height and document holder position. The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy. 2001;13(3):829-837.
- Lau KT, Cheung KY, Chan MH, et al. Relationships between sagittal postures of thoracic and cervical spine, presence of neck pain, neck pain severity and disability. Manual therapy. 2010;15(5):457-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2010.03.009
- Lee HJ. The effects of kinesio taping on forward head posture. Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science. 2012;19(3):31-38.
- Lee KJ, Roh JS, Choi HS, et al. Effect of active intervention after Kaltenborn's cervical joint mobilization on the cervical spine alignment and muscle activity in patients with forward head posture. Journal of Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2015;10(2):17-27. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2015.10.2.17
- Lynch SS, Thigpen CA, Mihalik JP, et al. The effects of an exercise intervention on forward head and rounded shoulder postures in elite swimmers. British journal of sports medicine. 2010;44(5):376-381. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.066837
- Magee DJ, Zachazewski JE, Quillen WS, et al. Pathology and intervention in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Amsterdam. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2015.
- McClure PW, Michener LA, Karduna AR. Shoulder function and 3-dimensional scapular kinematics in people with and without shoulder impingement syndrome. Physical therapy. 2006;86(8):1075-1090. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/86.8.1075
- Morris CE, Bonnefin D, Darville C. The torsional upper crossed syndrome: a multi-planar update to Janda's model, with a case series introduction of the mid-pectoral fascial lesion as an associated etiological factor. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2015;19(4):681-689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.08.008
- Neumann DA. Kinesiology of the musculoskeletal system-e-book: foundations for rehabilitation. Amsterdam. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013.
- Park CJ, An DH. The Effect of the weight of a backpack on craniovertebral angle and neck muscle activities on some university students. Physical Therapy Korea. 2020;27(1):45-52. https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2020.27.1.45
- Park HC, Kim YS, Seok SH, et al. The effect of complex training on the children with all of the deformities including forward head, rounded shoulder posture, and lumbar lordosis. Journal of exercise rehabilitation. 2014;10(3):172-175. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.140113
- Park SW. The Effects of postural correction exercise on muscle activity and onset time during arm elevation in forward head and rounded shoulder posture. Eulji University. Dissertation of Doctorate Degree. 2016.
- Quek J, Pua YH, Clark RA, et al. Effects of thoracic kyphosis and forward head posture on cervical range of motion in older adults. Manual therapy. 2013;18(1):65-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2012.07.005
- Reddy RS, Tedla JS, Dixit S, et al. Cervical proprioception and its relationship with neck pain intensity in subjects with cervical spondylosis. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2019;20(1):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-018-2378-y
- Sandow E. Case studies in cervicothoracic spine function evaluation and treatment of two dancers with mechanical neck pain. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science. 2011;15(1):37-44.
- Silva AG, Punt TD, Sharples P, et al. Head posture and neck pain of chronic nontraumatic origin: a comparison between patients and pain-free persons. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2009;90(4):669-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.018
- Singla D, Veqar Z. Association between forward head, rounded shoulders, and increased thoracic kyphosis: a review of the literature. Journal of chiropractic medicine. 2017;16(3):220-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2017.03.004
- Szeto GPY, Straker LM, O'Sullivan PB. EMG median frequency changes in the neck-shoulder stabilizers of symptomatic office workers when challenged by different physical stressors. Journal of electromyography and kinesiology. 2005;15(6):544-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.06.004
- Wong CK, Coleman D, Song J, et al. The effects of manual treatment on rounded-shoulder posture, and associated muscle strength. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2010;14(4):326-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2009.05.001
- Yang YJ, Lee SJ, Matthew C. Pressure pain threshold and visual analogue scale changes in the high and low energy extracorporeal shock wave. Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science. 2014;3(2):142-147. https://doi.org/10.14474/ptrs.2014.3.2.142
- Yi CH, Yoo WG, Kim MH. The effect of forward head posture correctional device during computer work. Physical Therapy Korea. 2006;13(1):9-15.
- Yoo WG, Yi CH, Kim MH. Effects of a ball-backrest chair on the muscles associated with upper crossed syndrome when working at a VDT. A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. 2007;29(3):239-244.