Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Essential oils as growth-promoting additives on performance, nutrient digestibility, cecal microbes, and serum metabolites of broiler chickens: a meta-analysis

  • Irawan, Agung (Vocational Program in Animal Husbandry, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret) ;
  • Hidayat, Cecep (Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University) ;
  • Jayanegara, Anuraga (Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University) ;
  • Ratriyanto, Adi (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret)
  • Received : 2020.09.22
  • Accepted : 2020.12.11
  • Published : 2021.09.01
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Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of dietary essential oils (EOs) on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum metabolite profiles of broiler chickens and to compare their effectiveness as growth-promoting additives against antibiotics. Methods: Peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google scholar and selected based on pre-determined criteria. A total of 41 articles containing 55 experiments with 163 treatment units were eligible for analyses. Data were subjected to a meta-analysis based on mixed model methodology considering the doses of EOs as fixed effects and the different studies as random effects. Results: Results showed a linear increase (p<0.001) on body weight gain (BWG) where Antibiotics (FCR) and average daily feed intake decreased (p<0.001) linearly with an increasing dose of EOs. Positive effects were observed on the increased (p<0.01) digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, and cecal Lactobacillus while Escherichia coli (E. coli) population in the cecum decreased (p<0.001) linearly. There was a quadratic effect on the weight of gizzard (p<0.01), spleen (p<0.05), bursa of fabricius (p<0.001), and liver (p<0.10) while carcass, abdominal fat, and pancreas increased (p<0.01) linearly. The dose of EOs linearly increased high density lipoprotein, glucose, protein, and globulin concentrations (p<0.01). In comparison to control and antibiotics, all type of EOs significantly reduced (p<0.001) FCR and tended to increase (p<0.1) BWG and final body weight. Cinnamaldehyde-compound was the only EOs type showing a tendency to increase (p<0.1) carcass weight, albumin, and protein of serum metabolites while this EOs together with EOs-Blend 1 decreased (p<0.01) E. coli population. Low density lipoprotein concentration decreased (p<0.05) with antibiotics and carvacrol-based compound when compared to the control group. Conclusion: This evidence confirms that EOs are suitable to be used as growth promoters and their economical benefit appears to be promising.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was financially supported by Institute of Research and Community Service of Universitas Sebelas Maret (LPPM UNS) through "Publishing Support in Top-Tier Journal" grant scheme of 2021 fiscal year.

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