The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Medicago truncatula in Interaction with Fusarium and Rhizoctonia Phytopathogenic Fungi: Fungal Aggressiveness, Plant Response Biodiversity and Character Heritability Indices

  • Batnini, Marwa (Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria) ;
  • Haddoudi, Imen (Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria) ;
  • Taamali, Wael (Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria) ;
  • Djebali, Naceur (Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria) ;
  • Badri, Mounawer (Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria) ;
  • Mrabet, Moncef (Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria) ;
  • Mhadhbi, Haythem (Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria)
  • Received : 2021.02.04
  • Accepted : 2021.05.20
  • Published : 2021.08.01
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Abstract

Fusarium and Rhizoctonia genera are important pathogens of many field crops worldwide. They are constantly evolving and expanding their host range. Selecting resistant cultivars is an effective strategy to break their infection cycles. To this end, we screened a collection of Medicago truncatula accessions against Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Rhizoctonia solani strains isolated from different plant species. Despite the small collection, a biodiversity in the disease response of M. truncatula accessions ranging from resistant phenotypes to highly susceptible ones was observed. A17 showed relative resistance to all fungal strains with the lowest disease incidence and ratings while TN1.11 was among the susceptible accessions. As an initiation of the characterization of resistance mechanisms, the antioxidant enzymes' activities, at the early stages of infections, were compared between these contrasting accessions. Our results showed an increment of the antioxidant activities within A17 plants in leaves and roots. We also analyzed the responses of a population of recombinant inbred lines derived from the crossing of A17 and TN1.11 to the infection with the same fungal strains. The broad-sense heritability of measured traits ranged from 0.87 to 0.95, from 0.72 to 0.96, and from 0.14 to 0.85 under control, F. oxysporum, and R. solani conditions, respectively. This high estimated heritability underlines the importance of further molecular analysis of the observed resistance to identify selection markers that could be incorporated into a breeding program and thus improving soil-borne pathogens resistance in crops.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The author acknowledge Jamila Hammemi and Fathi Barhoumi, technicians at Laboratory of Legumes, CBBC, for their technical assistance in the procedure of the screening test. This work was supported by the [Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research] in the frame of the work program of L2AD-CBBC, 2019-2022.

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