한국해양생명과학회지 (Journal of Marine Life Science)

한국해양생명과학회 (The Korean Society of Marine Life Science)
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Enzymes and Their Reaction Mechanisms in Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Cleavage and Biosynthesis of Dimethylsulfide by Marine Bacteria

  • Do, Hackwon (Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute) ;
  • Hwang, Jisub (Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Sung Gu (Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Jun Hyuck (Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute)
  • 투고 : 2021.03.30
  • 심사 : 2021.04.13
  • 발행 : 2021.05.31
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초록

In marine ecosystems, the biosynthesis and catabolism of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) by marine bacteria is critical to microbial survival and the ocean food chain. Furthermore, these processes also influence sulfur recycling and climate change. Recent studies using emerging genome sequencing data and extensive bioinformatics analysis have enabled us to identify new DMSP-related genes. Currently, seven bacterial DMSP lyases (DddD, DddP, DddY, DddK, DddL, DddQ and DddW), two acrylate degrading enzymes (DddA and DddC), and four demethylases (DmdA, DmdB, DmdC, and DmdD) have been identified and characterized in diverse marine bacteria. In this review, we focus on the biochemical properties of DMSP cleavage enzymes with special attention to DddD, DddA, and DddC pathways. These three enzymes function in the production of acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) and CO2 from DMSP. DddD is a DMSP lyase that converts DMSP to 3-hydroxypropionate with the release of dimethylsulfide. 3-Hydroxypropionate is then converted to malonate semialdehyde by DddA, an alcohol dehydrogenase. Then, DddC transforms malonate semialdehyde to acetyl-CoA and CO2 gas. DddC is a putative methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase that requires nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and CoA cofactors. Here we review recent insights into the structural characteristics of these enzymes and the molecular events of DMSP degradation.

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과제정보

This research was a part of the project titled "Development of potential antibiotic compounds using polar organism resources (15250103, KOPRI Grant PM21030)" funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Korea.

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