Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (대한소아청소년정신의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Significant Domains of Life Satisfaction That Affect Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents

  • Received : 2021.02.09
  • Accepted : 2021.03.23
  • Published : 2021.07.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: Adolescent suicide is a serious national issue in Korea. Recently, life satisfaction has been recognized as a major factor related to this issue. The main purpose of this study was to identify the domains of life satisfaction that affect suicidal behavior in adolescence. Methods: Data were collected from eight middle schools in Incheon, Korea. A total of 1297 students answered questions regarding their demographic characteristics, happiness, self-related life satisfaction domains (appearance, leisure time, physical health, and mental health), depressive symptoms, and suicidal behavior. Results: In the Spearman correlation analysis, female sex, perceived socioeconomic status (SES), happiness, and all four self-related satisfaction scores showed significant correlations with depression and suicidality. Multivariate regression analysis suggested that suicidality was significantly affected by perceived SES, satisfaction with appearance, mental health satisfaction, and depression. Finally, depression was identified as a partial mediator of the association between mental health satisfaction and suicidality, and a complete mediator of the association between female sex and suicidality. Conclusion: Perceived SES, satisfaction with appearance, and mental health satisfaction significantly affected students' suicidality, with or without the effect of depression. Health authorities, educators, and family members must be aware of this to identify adolescents at suicide risk earlier.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was conducted as part of an adolescent suicide prevention program funded by the Incheon Jung-gu Community Mental Health Center in Korea.

References

  1. World Population Review. Suicide rate by country 2021. [cited 2021 Jan 5]. Available from URL: https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/suicide-rate-by-country.
  2. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Suicide rates. [cited 2020 Dec 15]. Available from URL: https://data.oecd.org/healthstat/suicide-rates.htm.
  3. Statistics Korea. 2019 Korea cause of death statistics. [cited 2020 Dec 15]. Available from URL: http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/1/6/2/index.board?bmode=read&bSeq=&aSeq=385219&pageNo=1&rowNum=10&navCount=10&currPg=&searchInfo=&sTarget=title&sTxt=.
  4. Reifman A, Windle M. Adolescent suicidal behaviors as a function of depression, hopelessness, alcohol use, and social support: a longitudinal investigation. Am J Community Psychol 1995;23:329-354. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506948
  5. Kim WK. The effects of psychological factors in suicidal ideation among Korean youth. Studies on Korean Youth 2014;25:199-231. https://doi.org/10.14816/sky.2014.25.3.199
  6. Song MJ. The influence on suicide thought of attitude to death and satisfaction about life of middle school students II: including difference analysis between 2016 and 2011. The Korean Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 2016;5:95-108.
  7. Gould MS, Fisher P, Parides M, Flory M, Shaffer D. Psychosocial risk factors of child and adolescent completed suicide. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:1155-1162. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830120095016
  8. Shaffer D, Gould MS, Fisher P, Trautman P, Moreau D, Kleinman M, et al. Psychiatric diagnosis in child and adolescent suicide. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:339-348. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830040075012
  9. Brent DA, Perper JA, Moritz G, Allman C, Friend A, Roth C, et al. Psychiatric risk factors for adolescent suicide: a case-control study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1993;32:521-529. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199305000-00006
  10. Pavot W, Diener E. Review of the satisfaction with life scale. Psychological Assesment 1993;5:164-172. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164
  11. Flanagan JC. A research approach to improving our quality of life. American Psychologist 1978;33:138-147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.33.2.138
  12. Rojas M. Life satisfaction and satisfaction in domains of life: is it a simple relationship? J Happiness Stud 2006;7:467-497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9009-2
  13. Valois RF, Zullig KJ, Huebner ES, Drane JW. Life satisfaction and suicide among high school adolescents. Social Indicators Research 2004;66:81-105. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SOCI.0000007499.19430.2f
  14. Fujino Y, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Yoshimura T. Prospective cohort study of stress, life satisfaction, self-rated health, insomnia, and suicide death in Japan. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 2005;35:227-237. https://doi.org/10.1521/suli.35.2.227.62876
  15. Yao YS, Chang WW, Jin YL, Chen Y, He LP, Zhang L. Life satisfaction, coping, self-esteem and suicidal ideation in Chinese adolescents: a school-based study. Child Care Health Dev 2014;40:747-752. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12142
  16. Kim H, Choi SH, Lee SE, Lee CW, Maeng S, Kim WH, et al. Variables affecting attitudes towards suicide among the adolescent population. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021;209:59-64. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000001258
  17. Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1977;1:385-401. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
  18. Eaton WW, Smith C, Ybarra M, Muntaner C, Tien A. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: review and revision (CESD and CESD-R). In: Maruish ME, editor. The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcomes assessment: instruments for adults. 1st ed. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers;2004. p.363-377.
  19. Lee S, Oh ST, Ryu SY, Jun JY, Lee K, Lee E, et al. Validation of the Korean version of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (K-CESD-R). Korean J Psychosom Med 2016;24:83-93.
  20. Cho MJ, Hahm BJ, Suh DW, Hong JP, Bae JN, Kin JK, et al. Development of a Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2002;41:123-137.
  21. Belsley DA, Kuh E, Welsch RE. Regression diagnostics: identifying influential data and sources of collinearity. 2nd ed. New Jersey: John Willey & Sons, Inc., Publication;2004. p.112-191.
  22. Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol 1986;51:1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  23. Kim MY, Kim JM. A study on the influencing mental health factors to suicidal ideation in adolescents. Korean J Youth Stud 2013;20:267-293.
  24. Sohn SY. Factors affecting suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt in Korean adolescents. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society 2014;15:1606-1614. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.3.1606
  25. Huebner ES. Preliminary development and validation of a multi-dimensional life satisfaction scale for children. Psychol Assess 1994;6:149-158. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.6.2.149
  26. Diener E. Subjective well-being. Psychol Bull 1984;95:542-575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
  27. Ohring R, Graber JA, Brooks-Gunn J. Girls' recurrent and concurrent body dissatisfaction: correlates and consequences over 8 years. Int J Eat Disord 2002;31:404-415. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.10049
  28. Kim JH, Kim KH. Analysis on influence of triggering variables related the suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, and suicidal attempt: focused on participants in 6th KoWePS. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association 2018;18:344-360. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2018.18.02.344
  29. Kim SY, Baek HJ. The construction of Korean youth happiness index. Korean Journal of Sociology 2008;42:140-173.
  30. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). OECD guidelines on measuring subjective well-being. [cited 2021 Jan 5]. Available from URL: https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264191655-en.