Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition

The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (대한소아소화기영양학회)
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Features and Outcomes of Children with Ulcerative Colitis who Undergo a Diagnostic Change: A Single-Center Experience

  • Ito, Natsuki (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development) ;
  • Takeuchi, Ichiro (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development) ;
  • Kyodo, Reiko (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development) ;
  • Hirano, Yuri (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development) ;
  • Sato, Takuro (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development) ;
  • Usami, Masaaki (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development) ;
  • Shimizu, Hirotaka (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development) ;
  • Shimizu, Toshiaki (Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine) ;
  • Arai, Katsuhiro (Center for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, National Center for Child Health and Development)
  • Received : 2021.01.14
  • Accepted : 2021.05.15
  • Published : 2021.07.15
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Abstract

Purpose: A change in diagnosis from ulcerative colitis (UC) to Crohn's disease (CD) has been reported in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease; however, only a few clinical characteristics and predictors of this diagnostic change have been reported. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with UC who underwent a change in diagnosis to CD and identify variables associated with the change. Methods: The medical records of pediatric patients with UC who were followed up at the National Center for Child Health and Development between 2006 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data on disease phenotype, laboratory parameters, endoscopic findings, and treatment of patients whose diagnosis changed to CD (cCD) were compared to those of patients whose diagnosis remained UC (rUC). Results: Among the 111 patients initially diagnosed with UC, 11 (9.9%) patients were subsequently diagnosed with CD during follow-up. There was no significant difference between the cCD and rUC groups in terms of sex, age at initial diagnosis, and the extent and severity of disease at initial diagnosis. Albumin and hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in the cCD group than in the rUC group. The proportion of patients who required biologics was significantly higher in the cCD group than in the rUC group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Approximately 10% children initially diagnosed with UC were subsequently diagnosed with CD. Hypoalbuminemia and anemia at initial diagnosis and use of biologics could be predictors of this diagnostic change.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid from the National Center for Child Health and Development from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan (2019A-3 to KA).

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