Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
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Organic Matter and Heavy Metals Pollution Assessment of Surface Sediment from a Fish Farming Area in Tongyoung-Geoje Coast of Korea

통영-거제 연안 어류 양식장 표층 퇴적물 중 유기물 및 중금속 오염 평가

  • Hwang, Dong-Woon (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Hwang, Hyunjin (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Lee, Garam (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Kim, Sunyoung (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Park, Sohyun (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Yoon, Sang-Pil (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
  • 황동운 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 황현진 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 이가람 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 김선영 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 박소현 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 윤상필 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과)
  • Received : 2021.05.20
  • Accepted : 2021.06.28
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

To understand the status of organic matter and heavy metal pollution in surface sediment of a fish farming area, we have measured the concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in surface sediments of a fish farming area near Tongyoung-Geoje coast. The mean concentrations of TOC and TN were 22.7 mg/g and 3.4 mg/g, respectively, and were much higher than those in surface sediments of a semi-enclosed bay in the southern coast of Korea. The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, and Zn were 10.5 mg/kg, 0.37 mg/kg, 82.9 mg/kg, 127 mg/kg, 4.19%, 0.041 mg/kg, 596 mg/kg, 39.5 mg/kg, and 175 mg/kg, respectively, and the mean concentrations of Cd and Cu were three times higher than those in surface sediments of shellfish farming area in the southeastern coast of Korea. In addition, the concentrations of TOC and corrected Cu exceeded the values of sediment quality guidelines applied in Korea, and pollution load index (PLI) and ecological risk index (ERI) showed that the metal concentrations in the sediments of some fish farming area have a strongly negative ecological impact on benthic organisms, although most metal concentrations did not exceed the sediment quality guidelines. Based on overall assessment results, the surface sediments of fish farming areas in the study region are polluted with organic matter and some heavy metals. Thus, a comprehensive management plan is necessary to improve the sedimentary environments, identify primary contamination sources, and reduce the input of pollution load for organic matter and heavy metals in the sediments of fish farming areas.

어류 양식장 퇴적물 중 유기물과 중금속의 오염상태를 파악하기 위하여 통영-거제 연안 어류 양식장 퇴적물 중 총유기탄소(TOC), 총질소(TN), 중금속(As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, Zn)을 조사하였다. 양식장 퇴적물 중 TOC와 TN의 평균농도는 각각 22.7 mg/g과 3.4 mg/g로 남해안의 반폐쇄적인 내만보다 높았다. 퇴적물 중 중금속의 평균농도는 비소(As) 10.5 mg/kg, 카드뮴(Cd) 0.37 mg/kg, 크롬(Cr) 82.9 mg/kg, 구리(Cu) 127 mg/kg, 철(Fe) 4.19 %, 수은(Hg) 0.041 mg/kg, 망간(Mn) 596 mg/kg, 납(Pb) 39.5 mg/kg, 아연(Zn) 175 mg/kg였으며, 이중 Cd, Cu의 농도는 인접한 남동해 연안의 패류양식해역보다 3배 이상 높았다. 퇴적물 기준을 이용한 오염평가 결과, 대부분의 어류 양식장에서 TOC와 중금속 중 Cu 농도가 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 전체 중금속 농도를 고려한 오염부하량지수(PLI)와 생태계위해 도지수(ERI) 결과는 일부 어류 양식장 퇴적물이 저서생물에 극심한 부정적인 생태 영향을 줄 수 있는 상태(disastrous risk)인 것으로 파악되었다. 따라서, 어류 양식장 퇴적물은 유기물 및 일부 중금속에 의한 오염된 상태를 보이고 있어, 양식장 퇴적환경을 개선하고 퇴적물내 유기물 및 중금속의 주된 오염원을 파악하는 한편 오염부하량을 저감하는 종합적인 관리대책이 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문의 완성도를 높이기 위해 세심하게 검토해 주신 익명의 심사위원분들께 감사드립니다. 이 논문은 2021년도 국립수산과학원 수산과학연구사업(R2021059)의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구입니다.

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