Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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A Study on the Background of Start-Ups and the Factors of Entrepreneurship in Young Job Seekers' Willingness to Start a Business: Verification of the Mediating Effect of Perception of Businessmen

청년구직자의 창업 배경과 기업가정신이 창업 의지에 미치는 요인에 관한 연구: 사업가에 대한 인식의 매개 효과 검증

  • Oh, Hee Shun (venture business administration at Hoseo University) ;
  • Ha, Kyu Soo (Venture Management at Hoseo University)
  • 오희선 (호서대학교 벤처대학원 벤처경영학과) ;
  • 하규수 (호서대학교 벤처대학원 벤처경영학과)
  • Received : 2021.03.10
  • Accepted : 2021.06.23
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

The government is trying to create jobs by providing 160 billion won in 2021 to revitalize youth start-ups, but the number of youth unemployment and potential unemployment is hitting a record high of 1.2 million due to the shock of employment due to COVID-19. Although start-ups are encouraged as an alternative to revitalizing jobs, the success rate of young start-ups is low due to lack of start-up funds and experience. The purpose of this study is to understand the need to diversify start-up education and career education by understanding start-up policies through one-time funding and short-term education. The results of the study on the factors affecting the willingness to start a business were as follows, by sampling 344 students from specialized high schools preparing for employment and 344 young people in their 20s who are seeking jobs. First, among the entrepreneurship subvariables, innovation, autonomy of job value, and desire for economic achievement are significant, and the older the person surveyed, the more positive the perception of the entrepreneur was. Second, as you get older, your will to start a business decreases, and your experience in successful start-up models and start-up education has an impact on your will to start a business. Third, perception of entrepreneurs is a partial medium effect, which indirectly influences the willingness to start a business and directly or indirectly influences the willingness to start a business through the autonomy of job values, the desire to achieve economic and entrepreneurship.

정부는 청년창업 활성화를 위해 2021년 1,600억 원의 창업자금을 지원하며 일자리 창출을 위해 노력하고 있지만 코로나 19로 인한 고용 충격으로 청년실업과 잠재실업자 수는 120만 명으로 역대 최고치를 경신하고 있다. 일자리 활성화를 위한 대안으로 창업을 장려하고 있지만, 창업자금과 경험 부족을 이유로 청년창업의 성공률은 저조한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 일회성 자금지원과 단기교육을 통한 창업장려정책을 진로라는 큰 틀에서 창업을 이해함으로써 기업의 생존율을 높일 수 있도록 창업교육과 진로교육 다변화에 대한 필요성을 고민하고 기존연구에서 부족했던 청년구직자 특히 10대 청년의 기업가정신, 직업 가치관, 창업 배경이 사업가에 대한 인식과 창업 의지에 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 한다. 취업을 준비 중인 특성화고등학교 학생과 구직활동 중인 20대 청년 344명을 표본 추출하여 다중 회귀분석을 하였고 창업 의지에 미치는 요인을 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 기업가정신 하위 변수 중 혁신성과 직업 가치의 자율성, 경제적 성취 욕구는 유의미한 관계로 조사대상자의 나이가 많을수록 사업가에 대한 인식이 긍정적으로 나타났다. 둘째, 나이가 많을수록 창업 의지가 감소하고 창업 성공모델, 창업교육 경험은 창업 의지에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사업가에 대한 인식은 창업의지에 부분 매개 효과가 있다. 직업 가치관의 자율성, 경제적 성취 욕구와 기업가정신의 혁신성은 사업가에 대한 인식을 매개로 창업 의지에 직·간접적으로 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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