Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Propagation of tidal wave and resulted tidal asymmetry upward tidal rivers

감조하천에서 조석 전파 및 조석비대칭

  • Kang, Ju Whan (Department of Civil Engineering, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Cho, Hong-Yeon (Marine Bigdata Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology)
  • 강주환 (목포대학교 토목공학과) ;
  • 조홍연 (한국해양과학기술원 해양빅데이터센터)
  • Received : 2021.04.23
  • Accepted : 2021.05.15
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

In order to examine the characteristics of tidal wave from the estuary to upsteam of tidal river, tidal asymmetry was identified based on analysis of the harmonic constants of M2 and M4 tidal constituents in the domestic western coastal regions. As shallow water tide is greatly developed in the estuary, flood dominance in Han River and Keum River, and ebb dominance in Youngsan River are developed. These tidal asymmetries can be reconfirmed by analyzing the tidal current data. Unlike having reciprocating tidal current patterns in Keum and Youngsan estuaries, rotaing tidal current pattern is shown in the Han River estuary due to the complex topography and waterways around Ganghwa Island area. However, when residual current is removed, flood dominance is shown in consistency with the tide data. The tidal asymmetry in the estuary tends to intensify with the growth in shallow water tide as the tidal wave propagates to upstream of tidal river. Energy dissipation, in shallow Han River and Keum River classified as SD estuaries, is very large regarding bottom friction characteristics. On the other hand, the deep Youngsan River, classified as a WD estuary, shows less energy dissipation.

하구역으로부터 감조하천 상류로 전파되는 조석파의 특성을 고찰하기 위하여 먼저 국내 연안에서 천문조인 M2분조와 천해조인 M4분조에 대한 조화상수를 분석해 조석비대칭 현상을 파악하였다. 하구역에서 천해조가 크게 발달함에 따라 한강과 금강의 경우 창조우세, 영산강의 경우 낙조우세가 형성된다. 이러한 조석비대칭 현상은 조류속 자료를 분석함으로써 재확인할 수 있다. 조류속 분석 결과 왕복성 조류패턴을 보이는 금강하구와 영산강하구의 경우와는 달리 한강하구의 경우 강화도 주변의 복잡한 지형 및 수로에 기인하여 회전성 조류패턴이 나타나기도 한다. 그러나 잔차류를 제거할 경우 조류속 관측자료 역시 조위와 일관된 창낙조우세를 보이고 있다. 하구역에서 형성된 조석비대칭 현상은 조석파가 감조하천 상류로 전파되면서 천해조의 성장과 더불어 더욱 심화되는 경향이 있다. 하천의 마찰특성과 단면형상에 따라 조석파의 전파양상에도 차이가 발생하여 수심이 얕은 한강과 금강의 경우 SD하구로 분류되어 에너지 소산이 매우 큰 반면 수심이 깊은 영산강의 경우 WD하구로 분류되어 에너지 소산이 덜 한 것으로 나타나고 있다.

Keywords

References

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