Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Childcare Teacher's Job Satisfaction and Professional Learning Environment on the Turnover Intention

국공립과 민간·가정 어린이집 보육교사의 직무만족도 및 전문성 지원환경이 이직의도에 미치는 영

  • Moon, Hyuk-Jun (Department of Child & Family Studies, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • 문혁준 (가톨릭대학교 아동학과)
  • Received : 2021.02.16
  • Accepted : 2021.06.04
  • Published : 2021.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examined the effects of childcare teachers' job satisfaction and the professional learning environment on their turnover intention. The study sample consisted of 625 childcare teachers in the S, I, and G area of Korea. Childcare teachers completed a self-administered questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using a t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. The main findings were as follows. First, the level of turnover intention was varied by the type of childcare facility. Childcare teachers working in national and public facilities had a lower turnover intention than the facilities of private and homes. Second, the childcare teacher's job satisfaction, professional learning environment, and turnover intention were closely correlated regardless of the type of childcare facility. Third, the childcare teacher's job satisfaction and professional learning environment were significant predictors of the turnover intention. Therefore, policymakers need to address these issues.

본 연구는 보육교사의 이직의도에 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상되는 개인 내적 변인인 직무만족도와 환경 변인인 전문성 지원환경의 영향력을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 S, I, G 지역의 보육교사 625명(국·공립 어린이집 교사 343명, 민간·가정 어린이집 교사 282명)이며, 연구도구로는 Ro가 제작한 TJSQ, Williams가 제작한 PLEI, Allen과 Meyer가 개발한 척도를 사용하였다. 자료분석을 위해 SPSS 21.0을 프로그램을 이용하여 차이검증, Pearson 상관관계와 중다회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민간·가정 어린이집에 근무하는 보육교사의 이직의도가 국·공립 어린이집의 보육교사보다 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 국·공립과 민간·가정 어린이집의 보육교사 모두 직무만족도와 전문성 지원환경이 낮다고 지각할수록 이직의도는 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 직무만족도와 전문성 지원환경은 이직의도를 설명하는 주요 변인으로 밝혀졌으며, 전문성 지원환경의 영향력이 더 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 보육교사의 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 변인들을 밝혀 이직의도를 감소시킬 수 있는 방안을 찾음으로써 궁극적으로 보육의 질적 수준 향상을 꾀하고자 하는 데 의의가 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2019년도 가톨릭대학교 교비연구비 지원으로 이루어졌음.

References

  1. S. Y. Cho, E. J. Baik, H. G. Kim, Y. H. Kwon, J. N. Chung Jee, "Preliminary Study for Validation of Development of Korean Childcare Teacher's Job Satisfaction Scale", Journal of Korean Home Management Association, Vol.28 No.5, pp.89-100, 2010.
  2. E. J. Park, "Child Care Teachers' Ethical Dilemmas Reviewed with the Aspect of Care", Early Childhood Education Research & Review, Vol.13, No.5, pp.45-74, 2009.
  3. J. W. Lee, E. H. Park, "The Effect of Individual and Organizational Emotional Variables on Childcare Teachers' Emotional Labor" The Journal of Korean Teacher Education, vol.25, No.1, pp.5-27, 2008. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24211/tjkte.2008.25.1.5
  4. S. A. Hwang, Effects of Child Care Center Teachers' Work Environments and Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intention, Master's thesis, Korea National Open University, Korea, 2014.
  5. S. Kontos, & A. J. Stremmel, "Caregivers' perceptions of working conditions in a child care environment", Early childhood Research Quarterly, Vol.3, pp.77-90, Mar. 1988. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-2006(88)90030-0
  6. M. Whitebook, C. Howes, D. Phillips, Who cares? Child care teachers and the quality of care in America, Final Report of the National Child Care Staffing Study, Oakland, CA: Child Care Employee Project, 1990.
  7. D. J. Cassidy, J. K. Lower, V. L. Kintner-Duffy, A. V. Hegde, J. Shim, "The day-to-day reality of teacher turnover in preschool classrooms: An analysis of classroom context and teacher, director and parent perspectives", Journal of Research in Childhood Education, Vol.25, No.1, pp.1-23, Jan. 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2011.533118
  8. B. Curbow, K. Sparatt, A. Ungaretti, K. McDonnell, S. Breckler, "Development of the child care worker job stress inventory", Early Childhood Research Quarterly, Vol.15, No.4, pp.515-536, Dec. 2000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0885-2006(01)00068-0
  9. Statistics Korea, Statistics for Child Care, Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea, 2020.
  10. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nationwide Survey of Child Care in 2018. Seoul: Ministry of Health & Welfare, Korea, 2018.
  11. K. J. Jeong, Effects of Job Stress and Self-Efficacy on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention among Educare Teachers, Master's thesis, Chungbuk National University, Korea, 2007.
  12. O. K. Tak, J. H. Bae, "Perceptions of Directors and Teachers at Child Care Centers Participating in the Accreditation Process", Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education, Vol.27, No.4, pp.327-354, 2007. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18023/kjece.2007.27.4.014
  13. Y. J. Han, S. J. Woo, D. H. Lee, "Estimation of the Wage Differentials among Childcare Teachers", Korean Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, Vol.9, No.2, pp.161-185. 2015.
  14. O. K. Hwang, "Current Working Conditions for the Teachers in Child Care", Korean Journal of Childcare and Education, Vol.8, No.3, pp.249-272, 2012.
  15. Y. J. Lim, A Studyon the Effect of Working Condition on the Turnover Intention of Childcare Teacher, Master's thesis, Nambu University, Korea, 2012.
  16. K. S. Kwon, "Correlations between child care teachers' perceptions of the emotional leadership of child care center directors and their own accountability as child care teachers", Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education, Vol.32, No.2, pp.377-395, 2012. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18023/kjece.2012.32.2.017
  17. J. Y. Kwon, "The relationships among emotional intelligence, emotional labor, and working stress of child-care teachers", Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education, Vol.30, No.6, pp.569-289, 2010. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18023/kjece.2010.30.6.012
  18. M. S. Kim, A Relationship Between the Director's Leadership Characteristics Recognized by Teachers and the Job Satisfaction together with the Turnover Intention of Child Care Teachers, Master's thesis, Kookmin University, Korea, 2012.
  19. Y. K. Kim, Childcare Teachers' Working Environment Differ According to the Research of Job Satisfaction, Master's thesis, Daegu University, Korea, 2011.
  20. L. M. Saari, T. A. Judge, "Employee attitudes and job satisfaction", Human Resource Management, Vol.43, pp.395-407, 2004. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20032
  21. S. Y. Cho, "Child Care Teacher's Job Satisfaction and Self-Esteem", Korean Journal of Child Studies, Vol.25, No.1, pp.359-373, 2005.
  22. H. J. Choi, S. B. Moon, "A Structural Relationships among Teacher-Young Children interaction, Childcare teacher's work-satisfaction, Day care director's transformational leadership, and Parent-Caregiver Partnership", Journal of Future Early Childhood Education, Vol.20, No.3, pp69-88, 2013.
  23. B. M. Jung, H. G. Lee, "A Study on Promotion Perceptions, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions of Daegu and Kyungbuk Hotel Employees", International Journal of Tourism Management and Sciences, Vol.23, No.1, pp.145-167, 2008.
  24. E. C. Williams, School professional learning environment characteristics and teacher self-efficacy beliefs: Linkages and measurement issues, Ph.D dissertation, University of Georgia, USA, 2000.
  25. Y. M. Go, G. R, Lee, "The relation between professional learning environment of kindergarten and teacher self-efficacy beliefs", The journal of Educational Studies, Vol.35, No.1, pp.21-37, 2004.
  26. J. E. Kim, S. H. Ahn, "Variables Affecting Teachers Professionalism of Infants-Toddlers Teachers", The Journal of Korea Open Association for Early Childhood Education, Vol.14, No.2, pp.197-216, 2009.
  27. B. Badiali, N. E. Titus, "Co-teaching: Enhancing student learning through mentor-intern partnerships", School-University Partnerships, Vol.4, No.2, pp.74-80, 2010.
  28. D. De Neve, G. Devos, "The role of environmental factors in beginning teachers' professional learning related to differentiated instruction" School Effectiveness and School Improvement, Vol.27, No.4, pp.357-379, Oct. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2015.1122637
  29. J. H. Ro, "Conceptualizing and Measuring Job Satisfaction of Teachers", The Journal of Educational Administration, Vol.19, No.2, pp.163-181, 2001.
  30. G. R. Lee, A study of relationship between teacher professional environment of kindergarten and teacher self-efficacy, Master's thesis, Korea National University of Education, Korea, 2004.
  31. J. Allen, J. P. Meyer, "The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization ", Journal of Occupational Psychology, Vol.63, NO.1, pp.1-18, Mar. 1990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
  32. J. H. An, The Effect of Principal's Emotional Leadership That Child Care Teacher Perceiveat Private Daycare Center on Child Care Teacher's Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention, Master's thesis, Konkuk University, Korea, 2014.
  33. Y. S. Beak, A study on moderating effects of personally.environmentally protective factors in the relationship between child care teachers' job stress and turnover intentions, Ph.D dissertation, Sookmyung Women's University, Korea, 2014.
  34. M. S. Mun, A Study on the Relations between Child-care teachers' Departure Intentions and Their Work Environment and Job Satisfaction, Master's thesis, Duksung Women's University, Korea, 2007.
  35. S. J. Kim, M. J. Lee, Y. S. Lee, "A Study on the Reflective Thinking Experiences of Child Care Teachers for Implementing High Quality Teacher-Child Interaction", Journal of Life-span Studies, Vol.8, No.3, pp.51-73, 2018. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30528/jolss.2018.8.3.003
  36. M. Gagne, E. L. Deci, "Self-determination theory and work motivation", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol.26, pp.331-362, Jun. 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
  37. Y. S. Sang, "Mediating Effects of Child Care Efficacy on the Relationship between Professional Learning Environment and Turnover Intention", Journal of Korean Child Care and Education, Vol.8, No.6, pp.241-256, 2012.