Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Additional Value of Integrated 18F-FDG PET/MRI for Evaluating Biliary Tract Cancer: Comparison with Contrast-Enhanced CT

  • Jeongin Yoo (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital) ;
  • Jeong Min Lee (Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong Hee Yoon (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Ijin Joo (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Dong Ho Lee (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2020.02.06
  • Accepted : 2020.10.08
  • Published : 2021.05.01
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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MRI added to contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) in initial staging, assessment of resectability, and postoperative follow-up of biliary tract cancer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 100 patients (initial workup [n = 65] and postoperative follow-up [n = 35]) who had undergone PET/MRI and CECT for bile duct or gallbladder lesions between January 2013 and March 2020. Two radiologists independently reviewed the CECT imaging set and CECT plus PET/MRI set to determine the likelihood of malignancy, local and overall resectability, and distant metastasis in the initial workup group, and local recurrence and distant metastasis in the follow-up group. Diagnostic performances of the two imaging sets were compared using clinical-surgical-pathologic findings as standards of reference. Results: The diagnostic performance of CECT significantly improved after the addition of PET/MRI for liver metastasis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [Az]: 0.77 vs. 0.91 [p = 0.027] for reviewer 1; 0.76 vs. 0.92 [p = 0.021] for reviewer 2), lymph node metastasis (0.73 vs. 0.92 [p = 0.004]; 0.81 vs. 0.92 [p = 0.023]), and overall resectability (0.79 vs. 0.92 [p = 0.007]; 0.82 vs. 0.94 [p = 0.021]) in the initial workup group. In the follow-up group, the diagnostic performance of CECT plus PET/MRI was significantly higher than that of CECT imaging for local recurrence (0.81 vs. 1.00 [p = 0.029]; 0.82 vs. 0.94 [p = 0.045]). Conclusion: PET/MRI may add value to CECT in patients with biliary tract cancer both in the initial workup for staging and determination of overall resectability and in follow-up for local recurrence.

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