Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Growth, carcass traits, immunity and oxidative status of broilers exposed to continuous or intermittent lighting programs

  • Ghanima, Mahmoud M. Abo (Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University) ;
  • El-Hack, Mohamed E. Abd (Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University) ;
  • Abougabal, Mohammed Sh. (Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University) ;
  • Taha, Ayman E. (Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University) ;
  • Tufarelli, Vincenzo (Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro') ;
  • Laudadio, Vito (Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro') ;
  • Naiel, Mohammed A.E. (Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University)
  • Received : 2020.05.12
  • Accepted : 2020.07.19
  • Published : 2021.07.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: An experiment was conducted to investigate the continuous and intermittent lighting program effects on terms of the productive performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical parameters, innate immune and oxidative status in broiler chicks. Methods: A total of 600 Cobb-500 one day old chicks were randomly allocated into six equal groups (100 chicks per treated group with five replicates of 20 chicks each) based on lighting program; 22 continuous lighting (22 C), 11 h lighting+1 darkness twice daily (11 L/1 D), 20 h continuous lighting (20 C), 5 h lighting+1 darkness four times daily (5 L/1 D), 18 h continuous lighting (18 C) and the final group subjected for 3 h lighting+1 h darkness six times daily (3 L/1 D). The experimental period lasted 42 days. Results: Compared with those under the intermittent light program, broiler chicks exposed to continuous lighting for 22 h had significant improvement in live body weight and carcass (dressing and breast percentage) measured traits. Though reducing lighting hours significantly reduced feed intake and feed conversion ratio values. Different lighting programs revealed no significant effect on all blood biochemical parameters. Oxidative stress and innate immunity parameters significantly enhance by reducing lighting hours (3L/1D). Conclusion: The findings suggest that reducing lighting hours up to 3L/1D would be more useful in enhancing feed efficiency, innate immunity, and oxidative status compared with continuous lighting programs on broilers.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Authors extend thanks to their respected institutes and universities.

References

  1. Scott TA. Evaluation of lighting programs, diet density, and short term use of mash as compared to crumbled starter to reduce incidence of sudden death syndrome in broiler chicks to 35 d of age. Can J Anim Sci 2002;82:375-83. https://doi.org/10.4141/A01-067
  2. Blatchford RA, Archer GS, Mench JA. Contrast in light intensity, rather than day length, influences the behavior and health of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2012;91:1768-74. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-02051
  3. Rault, JL, Clark K, Groves PJ, Cronin GM. Light intensity of 5 or 20 lux on broiler behavior, welfare and productivity. Poult Sci 2017;96:779-87. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew423
  4. Senaratna D, Samarakone TS, Gunawardena WWDA. Red color light at different intensities affects the performance, behavioral activities and welfare of broilers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016;29:1052-9. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0757
  5. Classen HL. Management factors in leg disorders. In: Whitehead CC, editor. Bone biology and skeletal disorders in poultry. London, UK: Carfax Publishing; 1992.
  6. Fidan ED, Nazligul A, Turkyilmaz MK, Karaarslan S, Kaya M. Effects of photoperiod length and light intensity on performance, carcass characteristics and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in broilers. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2017;23:39-45. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2016.15723
  7. Bayram A, Ozkan S. Effects of a 16-hour light, 8-hour dark lighting schedule on behavioral traits and performance in male broiler chickens. J Appl Poult Res 2010;19:263-73. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2009-00026
  8. Buyse J, Kuhn ER, Decuypere E. The use of intermittent lighting in broiler raising.: 1. effect on broiler performance and efficiency of nitrogen retention. Poult Sci 1996;75:589-94. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0750589
  9. Apeldoorn EJ, Schrama JW, Mashaly MM, Parmentier HK. Effect of melatonin and lighting schedule on energy metabolism in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 1999;78:223-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/78.2.223
  10. Hill DL, Wall E. Weather influences feed intake and feed efficiency in a temperate climate. J Dairy Sci 2017;100:2240-57. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11047
  11. Kieronczyk B, Rawski M, Jozefiak D, Swiatkiewicz S. Infectious and non-infectious factors associated with leg disorders in poultry - a review. Ann Anim Sci 2017;17:645-69. https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0098
  12. Corzo A, Schilling MW, Loar RE, Mejia L, Barbosa LCGS, Kidd MT. Responses of Cobb × Cobb 500 broilers to dietary amino acid density regimens. J Appl Poult Res 2010;19:227-36. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2010-00172
  13. Senaratna D, Samarakone TS, Gunawardena WWDA. Effects of four dim vs high intensity red color light regimens on growth performance and welfare of broilers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018;31:149-56. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0139
  14. Aviagen. Ross broiler management handbook. Scotland, UK: Aviagen; 2018. pp. 132-3.
  15. Xie D, Wang ZX, Dong YL, et al. Effects of monochromatic light on immune response of broilers. Poult Sci 2008;87:1535-9. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00317
  16. Raza S, Ashraf M, Pasha TN, Latif F. Effect of enzyme supplementation of broiler diets containing varying level of sunflower meal and crude fiber. Pak J Bot 2009;41:2543-50.
  17. Apanius V, Temple SA, Bale M. Serum proteins of wild turkey vultures (Cathartes aura). Comp Biochem Physiol B Comp Biochem 1983;76:907-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(83)90411-X
  18. Zollner N, Kirsch K. Determination of the total lipid concentration in serum. Zentralbl Gesamte Exp Med 1962;135:545-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02045455
  19. Fossati P, Prencipe L. Serum triglycerides determined colorimetrically with an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide. Clin Chem 1982;28:2077-80. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/28.10.2077
  20. Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, Richmond W, Fu PC. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin Chem 1974;20:470-5. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/20.4.470
  21. Reitman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol 1957;28:56-63. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/28.1.56
  22. Bartles H, Bohmer M, Heirli C. Colorimetric kinetic method for creatinine determination in serum and urine. Clin Chem Acta 1972;37:193-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(72)90432-9
  23. Fawcett JK, Scott JE. The determination of urea and ammonia in biological fluids. J Clin Pathol 1960;13:156-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.13.2.156
  24. Jo C, Ahn DU. Fluorometric analysis of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in turkey. Poult Sci 1998;77:475-80. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/77.3.475
  25. Kokkinakis DM, Brooks JL. Tomato peroxidase: purification, characterization, and catalytic properties. Plant Physiol 1979;63:93-9. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.63.1.93
  26. Sun Y, Oberley LW, Li Y. A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clin Chem 1988;34:497-500. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.3.497
  27. Kawahara E, Ueda T, Nomura S. In vitro phagocytic activity of white-spotted char blood cells after injection with Aeromonas salmonicida extracellular products. Fish Pathol 1991;26:213-4. https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.26.213
  28. Allison PD. Survival analysis using SAS: a practical guide. 2nd ed. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute; 2010.
  29. Duncan DB. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 1955;11:1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
  30. Schwean-Lardner K, Fancher BI, Classen HL. Impact of daylength on the productivity of two commercial broiler strains. Br Poult Sci 2012;53:7-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2012.659652
  31. Yang H, Xing H, Wang Z, et al. Effects of intermittent lighting on broiler growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical parameters and tibia parameters. Ital J of Anim Sci 2015;14:4143. https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.4143
  32. Ingram DR, Hattens LF, McPherson BN. Effects of light restriction on broiler performance and specific body structure measurements. J Appl Poult Res 2000;9:501-4. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/9.4.501
  33. Olanrewaju HA, Thaxton JP, Dozier WA, Purswell J, Roush WB, Branton SL. A review of lighting programs for broiler production. Int J Poult Sci 2006;5:301-8. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2006.301.308
  34. Rahimi G, Rezaei M, Hafezian H, Saiyahzadeh H. The effect of intermittent lighting schedule on broiler performance. Int J Poult Sci 2005;4:396-8. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2005.396.398
  35. EI-Badry ASO, Abdel-Fattah SA, Moslim GAG. Effect of early heat conditioning and lighting regime on physiological and immune responses of Muscovy ducks during summer season. J Anim Poult Prod 2015;6:163-80. https://doi.org/10.21608/JAPPMU.2016.52741
  36. Classen HL, Annett CB, Schwean-Lardner KV, Gonda R, Derow D. The effects of lighting programmes with twelve hours of darkness per day provided in one, six or twelve hour intervals on the productivity and health of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2004;45(Suppl 1):S31-2. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660410001698137
  37. Farghly MFA, Makled MN. Application of intermittent feeding and flash lighting regimens in broiler chickens management. Egypt J Nutr Feeds 2015;18:261-76. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejnf.2015.105816
  38. Mahmud A, Saima, Rafiullah, Ali I. Effect of different light regimens on performance of broilers. J Anim Plant Sci 2011;21:104-6.
  39. El-Slamoney AE, Battaa AM, Hassaan S, El-Karim RA, Abdulla EH. Effect of photoperiod and tryptophan amino acid supplementation on pineal gland hormone (melatonin) and its relation to performance in local strain. 1-effect on laying hen performance. Egypt Poult Sci J 2010;30:927-60.
  40. Schwean-Lardner K, Fancher BI, Gomis S, Van Kessel A, Dalal S, Classen HL. Effect of day length on cause of mortality, leg health, and ocular health in broilers. Poult Sci 2013;92:1-11. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-01967
  41. Brickett KE, Dahiya JP, Classen HL, Gomis S. Influence of dietary nutrient density, feed form, and lighting on growth and meat yield of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2007;86:2172-81. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/86.10.2172
  42. Abbas AO, El-Dein AKA, Desoky AA, Galal MAA. The effects of photoperiod programs on broiler chicken performance and immune response. Int J Poult Sci 2008;7:665-71. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2008.665.671
  43. Djermanovic V, Mitrovic S, Milojevic M. Effect of body weight hens on reproductive traits of broiler. Biotechnol Anim Husb 2017;33:201-9. https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1702201D
  44. Oyedeji JO, Atteh JO. Effects of nutrient density and photoperiod on the performance and abdominal fat of broilers. Int J Poult Sci 2005;4:149-52. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2005.149.152
  45. Farghly MFA, Galal A, Ahmad EAM. Using wet feed in feeding Japanese quail under summer conditions. Egypt Poult Sci J 2019;39:391-403. https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2019.35035
  46. Farghly MFA, El-Garhy OH, Ali R. Application of flashed lighting program in naked neck chickens (Sharkasi) management. Egypt Poult Sci J 2017;37:1063-89. https://doi.org/10.21608/EPSJ.2017.5380
  47. Osuna C, Reiter RJ, Garcia JJ, et al. Inhibitory effect of melatonin on homocysteine-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates. Pharmacol Toxicol 2002;90:32-7. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0773.2002.900107.x
  48. Cardinali DP, Esquifino AI, Srinivasan V, Pandi-Perumal SR. Melatonin and the immune system in aging. Neuroimmunomodulation 2008;15:272-8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000156470

Cited by

  1. Light regimen on health and growth of broilers: an update review vol.101, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101545