Medical Lasers

Korean Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery (대한의학레이저학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Low-level Laser Therapy on Propylthiouracil-induced Hypothyroidism Model Mice: A Pilot Study

  • Mun, In Kwon (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoo, Won Sang (Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University college of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang Joon (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Phil-Sang (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine) ;
  • Woo, Seung Hoon (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2020.10.27
  • Accepted : 2020.12.03
  • Published : 2021.03.31
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background and Objectives Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disease. On the other hand, there is no treatment that can improve the thyroid function. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) can improve the cellular activity. The effect of hypothyroidism is not obvious. This study examined the effects of LLLT on the thyroid gland function of a propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism mouse model. Materials and Methods Twenty-five male ICR mice were distributed into five groups of five animals each: Negative control (none PTU animal) and positive control (PTU animal) of unirradiated animals, and three experimental groups with LLLT (3J, 6J, and 12J). Each mouse was exposed to a distinct dose of a 632-nm laser once a week for three rounds. The positive control group and three LLLT groups were induced into a hypothyroidism state by PTU administration. The animals' thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroxine levels were measured using an ELISA kit, and their thyroid tissue was harvested and analyzed after sacrifice at the end of the experiment. The hormone level and morphological changes in the tissue of the five groups were compared. Results The thyroid hormone levels in the control group and LLLT groups were similar. On the other hand, the thyroid tissue of the LLLT groups showed some morphological changes that were similar to those of iodine deficiency thyroid. Conclusion LLLT did not affect the thyroid gland function in PTU-induced hypothyroidism mice.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020R1I1A3072797).

References

  1. Almandoz JP, Gharib H. Hypothyroidism: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Med Clin North Am 2012;96:203-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2012.01.005
  2. Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA, et al. Serum TSH, T4, and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:489-99. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.87.2.489
  3. Leese GP, Flynn RV, Jung RT, Macdonald TM, Murphy MJ, Morris AD. Increasing prevalence and incidence of thyroid disease in Tayside, Scotland: the Thyroid Epidemiology Audit and Research Study (TEARS). Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008;68:311-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03051.x
  4. Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, Burman KD, Cappola AR, Celi FS, et al. Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the American thyroid association task force on thyroid hormone replacement. Thyroid 2014;24:1670-751. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2014.0028
  5. Chakera AJ, Pearce SH, Vaidya B. Treatment for primary hypothyroidism: current approaches and future possibilities. Drug Des Devel Ther 2012;6:1-11.
  6. Avci P, Gupta A, Sadasivam M, Vecchio D, Pam Z, Pam N, et al. Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) in skin: stimulating, healing, restoring. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2013;32:41-52.
  7. Ferraresi C, Hamblin MR, Parizotto NA. [Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) on muscle tissue: performance, fatigue and repair benefited by the power of light: low-level laser (light) therapy on muscle tissue - ways to improve performance and treat muscle fatigue and muscle injuries]. Photon Lasers Med 2012;1:267-86. German.
  8. Pinheiro ALB, Oliveira MG, Martins PPM, Ramalho LMP, de Oliveira MAM, Novaes Junior A, et al. Biomodulatory effects of LLLT on bone regeneration. Laser Ther 2000;13:73-9. https://doi.org/10.5978/islsm.13.73
  9. Lee HJ, Kim YK. Burn wound successfully treated with 830-nm light emitting diode phototherapy combined with epidermal growth factor solution. Med Laser 2019;8:94-6. https://doi.org/10.25289/ML.2019.8.2.94
  10. Kingsley JD, Demchak T, Mathis R. Low-level laser therapy as a treatment for chronic pain. Front Physiol 2014;5:306. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00306
  11. Albertini R, Villaverde AB, Aimbire F, Salgado MA, Bjordal JM, Alves LP, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with two different red wavelengths (660 nm and 684 nm) in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. J Photochem Photobiol B 2007;89:50-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2007.08.005
  12. Brosseau L, Robinson V, Wells G, Debie R, Gam A, Harman K, et al. Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(4):CD002049.
  13. Kemeny L, Varga E, Novak Z. Advances in phototherapy for psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019;15:1205-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666X.2020.1672537
  14. Ramos-Levi AM, Marazuela M. Pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmune disease: the role of cellular mechanisms. Endocrinol Nutr 2016;63:421-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endonu.2016.04.003
  15. Ferreira E, Silva AE, Serakides R, Gomes AES, Cassali GD. Model of induction of thyroid dysfunctions in adult female mice. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 2007;59:1245-9. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352007000500022
  16. Chu H, Kim DY. Use of lasers in the treatment of alopecia areata. Med Laser 2016;5:71-6. https://doi.org/10.25289/ml.2016.5.2.71
  17. Rhee CK, Chang SY, Chung PS, Ahn JC, Jung JY. Transmeatal low level laser therapy (LLLT) on vestibular inner ear after topical gentamicin ototoxicity. Med Laser 2014;3:65-70. https://doi.org/10.25289/ml.2014.3.2.65
  18. Goo H, Kim H, Ahn JC, Cho KJ. Effects of low-level light therapy at 740 nm on dry eye disease in vivo. Med Laser 2019;8:50-8. https://doi.org/10.25289/ML.2019.8.2.50
  19. Rhee YH, Cho KJ, Ahn JC, Chung PS. Effect of photobiomodulation on wound healing of the corneal epithelium through Rho-GTPase. Med Laser 2017;6:67-76. https://doi.org/10.25289/ml.2017.6.2.67
  20. Farivar S, Malekshahabi T, Shiari R. Biological effects of low level laser therapy. J Lasers Med Sci 2014;5:58-62.
  21. AlGhamdi KM, Kumar A, Moussa NA. Low-level laser therapy: a useful technique for enhancing the proliferation of various cultured cells. Lasers Med Sci 2012;27:237-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0885-2
  22. Argumedo GS, Sanz CR, Olguin HJ. Experimental models of developmental hypothyroidism. Horm Metab Res 2012;44:79-85. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1297941
  23. Davidson B, Soodak M, Neary JT, Strout HV, Kieffer JD, Mover H, et al. The irreversible inactivation of thyroid peroxidase by methylmercaptoimidazole, thiouracil, and propylthiouracil in vitro and its relationship to in vivo findings. Endocrinology 1978;103:871-82. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-103-3-871
  24. Jayashankar CA, Avinash S, Shashidharan B, Vijaya Sarathi, Shruthi KR, Nikethan D, et al. The prevalence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in subclinical and clinical hypothyroid patients. Int J Res Med Sci 2015;3:3564-6.
  25. Parrado C, Carrillo de Albornoz F, Vidal L, Perez de Vargas I. A quantitative investigation of microvascular changes in the thyroid gland after infrared (IR) laser radiation. Histol Histopathol 1999;14:1067-71.
  26. Azevedo LH, Aranha AC, Stolf SF, Eduardo Cde P, Vieira MM. Evaluation of low intensity laser effects on the thyroid gland of male mice. Photomed Laser Surg 2005;23:567-70. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2005.23.567
  27. Weber JB, Mayer L, Cenci RA, Baraldi CE, Ponzoni D, Gerhardt de Oliveira M. Effect of three different protocols of low-level laser therapy on thyroid hormone production after dental implant placement in an experimental rabbit model. Photomed Laser Surg 2014;32:612-7. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2014.3756
  28. Hofling DB, Chavantes MC, Juliano AG, Cerri GG, Romao R, Yoshimura EM, et al. Low-level laser therapy in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: a pilot study. Lasers Surg Med 2010;42:589-96. https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20941
  29. Hofling DB, Chavantes MC, Juliano AG, Cerri GG, Knobel M, Yoshimura EM, et al. Low-level laser in the treatment of patients with hypothyroidism induced by chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2013;28:743-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1129-9