Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Risk Assessment of Micro and Emerging Contaminants in Domestic Effluent Environment: Targeting on 80 First-class substances assigned by Ministry of Environment

미량 및 신종유해물질의 국내 방류 환경에서의 위해성 평가: 환경부 지정 1순위 80종 대상으로

  • Lee, Jai-Yeop (Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Park, Saerom (Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Kim, Ilho (Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
  • 이재엽 (한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부) ;
  • 박새롬 (한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부) ;
  • 김일호 (한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부)
  • Received : 2021.09.16
  • Accepted : 2021.11.30
  • Published : 2021.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In 2018, total 263 micro and emerging contaminants were selected as target substances by the Ministry of Environment, and 80 of them were first-class substance including endocrine disruptors, residual Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), residual organic pollutants, pesticides and heavy metals. In this study, in order to evaluate the Hazard Quotient (HQ) of the 80 types in the domestic water environment the concentration of discharged effluent and nearby water environment reported by Korean institutes since 2010 was investigated. There were 45 substances reported to be detected, and Measurement Environment Concentration (MEC) were obtained by collectively converting them into water environment concentration. For biotoxicity, half maximal Effective Dose (EC50) to Daphnia magna, a water fleas species widely adopted in Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) was applied. As for the biotoxicity level, the Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) was obtained by applying the Assessment Factor (AF) and the HQ was derived by dividing it from the MEC. As a result of calculating the HQ, more than 1 substances were Cabamazepine, Mefenamic acid, Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen, Nonylphenol, Nickel, Erythromycin, Acetylslic acid, etc. Meanwhile, perfluorinated compounds were identified as hazardous substances in the water env ironment, with 5 out of 14 species included in the 20 ranks of first-class substance.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Authors are very grateful for the funds [project: 2021003040001] provided by the Korea Ministry of Environment.

References

  1. Bound, J. P. and Voulvoulis, N. (2004). Pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment a comparison of risk assessment strategies, Chemosphere, 56, 1143-1155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.05.010
  2. Cleuvers, M. (2003). Aquatic ecotoxicity of pharmaceuticals including the assessment of combination effects, Toxicology Letters, 142, 185-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00068-7
  3. Cleuvers, M. (2005). Initial risk assessment for three b-blockers found in the aquatic environment, Chemosphere, 59, 199-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.090
  4. Dearden, J. (2002). Prediction of environmental toxicity and fate using quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs), Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 13(6), 754-762. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532002000600005
  5. Ferrari, B., Paxeus, N., Giudice, R., Pollio, A., and Garric, J. (2003). Ecotoxicological impact of pharmaceuticals found in treated wastewaters: Study of carbamazepine, clofibric acid, and diclofenac, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 55 359-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00082-9
  6. Han. G., Hur H., and Kim S. (2006). Ecotoxicological risk of pharmaceuticals from wastewater treatment plants in Korea: Occurrence and toxicity to Daphnia magna, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25, 265-71. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-193R.1
  7. Isidori, M., Lavorgna, M., Nardelli, A., Pascarella L., and Parrella A. (2005). Toxic and genotoxic evaluation of six antibiotics on non-target organisms, Science of the Total Environment, 346, 87-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.11.017
  8. Kim B., Ji K., Kho Y., Kim. P. Park, K. Kim, K. Kim, Y., Kim K., and Choi, K. (2017). Effects of chronic exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine on Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes, Chemosphere, 185, 844-851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.085
  9. Kim, G., Roh, J., Bin, J., and Kim, C. (2010). Investigating of nitrosamines in small tributary rivers, sewage treatment plants and drinking water treatment plants, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 26(3), 446-453. [Korean Literature]
  10. Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KIETI). (2014). Development of advanced treatment systems for high quality effluent removed nutrient and trace of non-degradable matters, GT-11-B-01-005-0, Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute. [Korean Literature]
  11. Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KIETI). (2019). Saengmulhagjeog Gongjeong Gaeseon-Eul Tonghan Ha.Pyesu Milyang-Yuhaemuljil Cheolihyoyul Hyangsang Gisul Siljeunghwa Choejongbogoseo, 2016000200008, Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute. [Korean Literature]
  12. Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KIETI). (2020). Yuhaehwahagmuljil Suhwangyeong Yuchul Moniteoling Mich Yuchulbangji Siseutem Gaebal Tonghabhyeong Gwaje Choejongbogoseo, 2017001960001, Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute. [Korean Literature]
  13. Lee, J. and Kim, I. (2020). Comparison of elimination performance of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) by 254 nm and 185/254 nm lamps in UV-AOP process of the tertiary sewage treatment, Journal of the Korean Society of Urban Environment, 20(3), 165-170. https://doi.org/10.33768/ksue.2020.20.3.165
  14. Lee, J. and Ko, T. (2019). Application of Daphnia magna monitoring system for real-time ecotoxicity assessment, Journal of Digital Convergence, 17(10), 1-12.
  15. Li, Y. Zhang, L., Liu, X., and Ding, J. (2019). Ranking and prioritizing pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment of China, Science of the Total Environment, 658, 333-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.048
  16. Ministry of Environment (ME). (2018). Gisulhyeogsin-Eulo Sanghasudo Seobiseu Gaeseon⋯1,882Eog-Won Tuja, Press. Description, 2018. 09. 17. [Korean Literature]
  17. Ministry of Environment (ME). (2019). 2019 Nyeondo Hwangyeong-Gisulgaebalsa-Eob Singyugwaje Seonjeong Gong-Go, Ministry of Environment Notice 2019-4. [Korean Literature]
  18. Ministry of Environment (ME). (2020). Nagdong-Gang Milyanghwahagmuljil Josa, Gugnaeoe Sujilgijun 39Jong Gijun Inae, Press release, 2020. 12. 18. [Korean Literature]
  19. Nagel, A., Cuss, C. Goss, G., Shotyk W., and Glover C. (2021). Chronic toxicity of waterborne thallium to Daphnia magna, Environmental Pollution, 268 115776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115776
  20. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). (2010). Application of Bioassay for Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (III), NIER NO. 2010-53-1228, National Institute of Environmental Research. [Korean Literature]
  21. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). (2011). Janlyuuiyagmuljil Bunseogbangbeob Yeongu Mich Siltaejosa (IV), National Institute of Environmental Research. [Korean Literature]
  22. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). (2016a). Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals with Potential Ecological Risks, NIER-SP2016-221, National Institute of Environmental Research. [Korean Literature]
  23. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). (2016b). Survey on the water pollutants list in industrial wastewater by industrial classification, NIER-RP2016-279, National Institute of Environmental Research. [Korean Literature]
  24. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). (2017). Monitoring of hazardous substances in environmental media for exposure assessment, NIER-SP2017-307, National Institute of Environmental Research. [Korean Literature]
  25. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). (2018). A Study on mass balance and management measures of micropollutants in the public sewage treatment works (I), NIER-RP2018-207, National Institute of Environmental Research. [Korean Literature]
  26. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (1995). Overview of SAR for Environmental Endpoints, Contract #EV5V-CT92-0211.
  27. Park, S., Kang, H., Shin, H., Ryoo, I., Choi, K., Kho, Y., Park, K., Kim, K., and Ji, K. (2020). Ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the surface water near a pharmaceutical manufacturing complex in Korea, Journal of Environmental Health Sciences, 46(1), 45-64.