Molecules and Cells

Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (한국분자세포생물학회)
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Development and Functions of Alveolar Macrophages

  • Woo, Yeon Duk (Laboratory of Immune Regulation in Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong, Dongjin (Laboratory of Immune Regulation in Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Doo Hyun (Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2021.03.12
  • Accepted : 2021.04.18
  • Published : 2021.05.31
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Abstract

Macrophages residing in various tissue types are unique in terms of their anatomical locations, ontogenies, developmental pathways, gene expression patterns, and immunological functions. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) reside in the alveolar lumen of the lungs and serve as the first line of defense for the respiratory tract. The immunological functions of AMs are implicated in the pathogenesis of various pulmonary diseases such as allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), viral infection, and bacterial infection. Thus, the molecular mechanisms driving the development and function of AMs have been extensively investigated. In this review article, we discuss the roles of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in AM development, and provide an overview of the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory functions of AMs in various contexts. Notably, we examine the relationships between the metabolic status of AMs and their development processes and functions. We hope that this review will provide new information and insight into AM development and function.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) - grant No. 2020R1A2C2008312 and 2020R1A4A1017515.

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