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동해의 해양침적쓰레기 성상 및 공간 분포 특성 연구

The Characteristics of the Compositions and Spatial Distributions of Submerged Marine Debris in the East Sea

  • 정민지 (부경대학교 지구환경시스템과학부 공간정보시스템공학과) ;
  • 김나경 (부경대학교 지구환경시스템과학부 공간정보시스템공학과) ;
  • 박미소 (부경대학교 지구환경시스템과학부 공간정보시스템공학과) ;
  • 윤홍주 (부경대학교 공간정보시스템공학과)
  • Jeong, MinJi (Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Major of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Nakyeong (Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Major of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Park, Miso (Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Major of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Yoon, Hongjoo (Department of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University)
  • 투고 : 2021.02.04
  • 심사 : 2021.04.27
  • 발행 : 2021.04.30

초록

한반도는 삼면이 바다로 둘러싸여 있으며, 많은 강과 하천이 바다와 연결되어 있기 때문에 육상에서의 쓰레기 유입이 되기 쉽다. 또한 해상에서는 활발한 수산업 활동과 다양한 레저 활동으로 인해 쓰레기 유입이 많다. 바다에 유입된 쓰레기는 시간이 지남에 따라 무게가 가해져 가라앉아 해저에 침적하게 되며, 해저에 산재되어 있기 때문에 직접 확인이 불가능하고 수거에 어려움이 있다. 수거되지 못한 해양침적쓰레기는 해저 생태계 및 수질에 영향을 미치게 되며, 특히 폐그물로프와 폐어구로 인한 유령어업과 선박사고가 발생할 수 있다는 점이 있다. 따라서 해당 성상의 쓰레기들(폐그물로프와 폐어구)은 우선적으로 수거가 이루어져야하기 때문에 분포 특성을 파악할 필요가 있다. 그 일환으로 본 연구에서는 국내 39개 항을 대상으로 해양에 침적되어 있는 쓰레기 조사를 실시했다. 그 중 동해에 대해서 GIS 기반의 공간 분석을 통해 해양침적쓰레기 성상별 분포 지도를 작성하고, 분포 특성을 파악하였다. 결과적으로 동해에서 폐타이어가 58 %로 구성되었고, 방파제 및 선박 접안 시설에 분포가 밀집되었다. 그리고 폐합성수지가 26 %로 구성되어 항외에도 분포가 있었다. 각 성상별 뚜렷한 분포 특성을 파악하기는 어려웠지만 폐합성수지가 다른 성상들과 비교해 항외에 분포되는 특성이 있었다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 분포 특성을 통해서 해양침적쓰레기 수거에 도움이 될 기초 자료로 제공될 수 있다.

The Korean Peninsula is surrounded on three sides by the East Sea, West Sea and South Sea which are connected to many rivers and streams, thereby facilitating easy inflow of debris from land. Furthermore, excessive debris inflow to the sea because of active fishing and various recreational activities. Debris entering the sea are weighted over time and settle in the seabed, thus, making direct monitoring of debris impossible and its collection difficult. Uncollected submerged marine debris affects the seabed ecosystem and water quality and can cause ghost fishing and ship accidents, especially due to waste net ropes and waste fishing gears. Therefore, understanding the debris distribution characteristics is necessary to assist quick collection of these debris (waste net ropes and waste fishing gears). Thus, this study conducted a survey of debris deposited in the seas of 39 ports. Furthermore, distribution characteristics and compositions of submerged marine debris were identified by a map prepared through GIS-based spatial analysis of the East Sea. Consequently, 58% of waste tires in the East Sea were concentrated in breakwaters and ship berthing facilities. Moreover, 26 % of waste plastics were distributed outside the port. Identifying the distinct distribution characteristics of submerged marine debris was difficult; however, compared with others, the distribution of waste plastics was possible outside the port. The findings of this study can serve as baseline data to assist the collection of submerged marine debris using the distribution characteristics.

키워드

참고문헌

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