Journal of Science Education (과학교육연구지)

Science Education Research Institute Kyungpook National University (경북대학교 과학교육연구소)
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The Relationship Analysis of the Korean Science Curriculum with the Physical Science Domains of the 4th Grade TIMSS 2019

TIMSS 2019의 4학년 물상과학 영역과 우리나라 과학 교육과정의 비교 분석

  • Kim, Sun-Kyoung (Division of Science Education (Chemistry) and Institute of Science Education, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Kyung (Division of Science Education (Chemistry) and Institute of Science Education, Jeonbuk National University)
  • 김선경 (전북대학교 과학교육학부 화학교육전공 및 과학교육연구소) ;
  • 김현경 (전북대학교 과학교육학부 화학교육전공 및 과학교육연구소)
  • Received : 2020.11.28
  • Accepted : 2020.12.22
  • Published : 2021.04.30
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Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the physical science domain of TIMSS 2019 and the Korean science curriculum. Twelve subjects are presented in the physical science domain of the TIMSS 2019 4th grade evaluation framework. Research group consisting of elementary and middle school teachers and science education experts, a total of 12, participated to analyze in which grade these subjects were included in the Korea 2009 revised and 2015 revised science curriculum. As a results of analyzing whether the achievement standards of the TIMSS 2019 evaluation framework and Korean science curriculum are consistent, the subjects pertinent to chemistry like 'chemical changes in everyday life,' 'heat transfer,' and 'electricity and simple electrical circuits' appeared not covered at all until the 4th grade curriculum in Korea. Given that the TIMSS 2019 evaluation framework is an international achievement standard, we are proposing to improve the Korean curriculum as follows: first, for the development of the next science curriculum, there is a need for science curriculum organized from the 1st grade of elementary school to connect the content and scope of chemistry in elementary, middle, and high schools as a whole including the Nuri curriculum. Second, as an alternative to the problem of suitability of learning volume and level of learning, it is possible to think of a method to readjust the grade of dealing with related concepts by lowering the difficulty or simplifying the concept. Third, it is necessary to discuss about introducing essential concepts and standard terms into Korea science curriculum according to international trends.

본 연구에서는 TIMSS 2019 물상과학 영역과 우리나라 과학과 교육과정의 연계성을 분석하고자 하였다. TIMSS 2019 초등학교 4학년 과학 평가틀의 물상과학 영역에서는 12개의 주제가 제시되는데, 초중등학교 교사로 이루어진 현장교사와 과학교육 전문가 총 12명이 참여하여 이 주제들이 우리나라 2009 개정 및 2015 개정 과학과 교육과정에서 어느 학년에 포함되어 있는지 분석하였다. TIMSS 2019 평가틀의 성취기준과 우리나라 과학과 교육과정이 일치하는지 분석한 결과, TIMSS 2019 물상과학 평가 주제 중에서 우리나라 초등학교 4학년 교육과정까지 전혀 다루고 있지 않는 주제로 화학과 관련 있는 '일상생활에서 화학 변화', '열전도', '전기와 간단한 전기회로' 내용이 두드러졌다. TIMSS 2019 평가틀이 국제 성취 기준임을 고려하면 우리나라 교육과정에 대한 시사점을 제안할 수 있으며, 다음과 같다. 첫째, 차기 과학과 교육과정 개발에서는 누리과정까지 연계하여 초·중학교 및 고등학교 화학의 내용과 범위가 전체적으로 연결되도록 현재 초등학교 3학년부터 시작하는 과학과 교육과정을 초등학교 1학년부터 시작하는 개선을 공론화할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 학습량 및 학습 수준의 적합성 문제를 고려하면서 난이도를 조정하거나 개념을 다양한 교수학습 방법으로 접근하면서 관련 주제를 다루도록 학년군을 재조정하는 방안을 생각할 수 있다. 셋째, 국제적인 흐름에 맞게 필수적인 개념 및 표준 용어들을 우리나라 과학과 교육과정에 도입하거나 구성되도록 하는 논의가 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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