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Correlation between Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity after the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination

  • So Yun Lim (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Ji Yeun Kim (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Soonju Park (Institut Pasteur Korea) ;
  • Ji-Soo Kwon (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Ji Young Park (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Hye Hee Cha (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Mi Hyun Suh (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Hyun Jung Lee (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Joon Seo Lim (Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Seongman Bae (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Jiwon Jung (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Nakyung Lee (Institut Pasteur Korea) ;
  • Kideok Kim (Institut Pasteur Korea) ;
  • David Shum (Institut Pasteur Korea) ;
  • Youngmee Jee (Institut Pasteur Korea) ;
  • Sung-Han Kim (Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2021.11.01
  • Accepted : 2021.11.25
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

Correlation between vaccine reactogenicity and immunogenicity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. Thus, we investigated to determine whether the reactogenicity after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination is associated with antibody (Ab) titers and T cell responses. This study was prospective cohort study done with 131 healthcare workers at tertiary center in Seoul, South Korea. The degrees of the local reactions after the 1st and 2nd doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (ChAdOx1) vaccination were significantly associated with the S1-specific IgG Ab titers (p=0.003 and 0.01, respectively) and neutralizing Ab (p=0.04 and 0.10, respectively) in age- and sex-adjusted multivariate analysis, whereas those after the BNT162b2 vaccination did not show significant associations. T cell responses did not show significant associations with the degree of reactogenicity after the ChAdOx1 vaccination or the BNT162b2 vaccination. Thus, high degree of local reactogenicity after the ChAdOx1 vaccine may be used as an indicator of strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), which is funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea (grant No. MSIT, No 2020M3H8A1115041 and 2017M3A9G6068254).

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