DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Abnormal Findings of the Ultrasonography for Elbow and Forearm

주관절과 전완부의 초음파 이상 소견

  • Kim, Eunkuk (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, SRC Rehabilitation Hospital)
  • 김은국 (SRC 재활병원 재활의학과)
  • Received : 2021.06.08
  • Accepted : 2021.06.17
  • Published : 2021.06.30

Abstract

Ultrasonography (US) of the elbow is an increasingly utilized modality for a variety of diagnoses. In this brief review, US findings for the pathologic conditions of forearm and elbow are described. The most common pathologies discussed here include distal biceps tendon and triceps tendon lesions, medial and lateral epicondylopathies, ulnar collateral ligament tears, ulnar nerve subluxation, joint effusions, and intra-articular bodies.

Keywords

References

  1. Miller TT, Adler RS. Sonography of tears of the distal biceps tendon. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 175: 1081-1086 https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.175.4.1751081
  2. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Abdelwahab IF. Ultrasound of tendon tears. Part 1: general considerations and upper extremity. Skeletal Radiol 2005; 34: 500-512 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-005-0956-1
  3. Chew ML, Giuffre BM. Disorders of the distal biceps brachii tendon. Radiographics 2005; 25: 1227-1237 https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.255045160
  4. Giuffre BM, Lisle DA. Tear of the distal biceps branchii tendon: a new method of ultrasound evaluation. Australas Radiol 2005; 49: 404-406 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.2005.01469.x
  5. Kaempffe FA, Lerner RM. Ultrasound diagnosis of triceps tendon rupture. A report of 2 cases. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1996; 332: 138-142 https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199611000-00019
  6. Finlay K, Ferri M, Friedman L. Ultrasound of the elbow. Skeletal Radiol 2004; 33: 63-79 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-003-0680-7
  7. Belli P, Costantini M, Mirk P, Leone A, Pastore G, Marano P. Sonographic diagnosis of distal biceps tendon rupture: a prospective study of 25 cases. J Ultrasound Med 2001; 20: 587-595 https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2001.20.6.587
  8. Struijs PA, Spruyt M, Assendelft WJ, van Dijk CN. The predictive value of diagnostic sonography for the effectiveness of conservative treatment of tennis elbow. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005; 185: 1113-1118 https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.04.0656
  9. Connell D, Burke F, Coombes P, McNealy S, Freeman D, Pryde D, et al. Sonographic examination of lateral epicondylitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001; 176: 777-782 https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.176.3.1760777
  10. Levin D, Nazarian LN, Miller TT, et al. Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow: US findings. Radiology 2005; 237: 230-234 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2371040784
  11. Miller TT, Shapiro MA, Schultz E, Kalish PE. Comparison of sonography and MRI for diagnosing epicondylitis. J Clin Ultrasound 2002; 30: 193-202 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcu.10063
  12. Martinoli C, Bianchi S, Zamorani MP, Zunzunegui JL, Derchi LE. Ultrasound of the elbow. Eur J Ultrasound 2001; 14: 21-27 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0929-8266(01)00142-2
  13. Torp-Pedersen T, Torp-Pedersen S, Bliddal H. Diagnostic value of ultrasonography in epicondylitis. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136: 781-782 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-10-200205210-00022
  14. Beggs I. Ultrasound of the shoulder and elbow. Orthop Clin North Am 2006; 37: 277-285 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocl.2006.03.004
  15. Gabel GT. Acute and chronic tendinopathies at the elbow. Curr Opin Rheumatol 1999; 11: 138-143 https://doi.org/10.1097/00002281-199903000-00010
  16. De Smet AA, Winter TC, Best TM, Bernhardt DT. Dynamic sonography with valgus stress to assess elbow ulnar collateral ligament injury in baseball pitchers. Skeletal Radiol 2002; 31: 671-676 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-002-0558-0
  17. Jacobson JA, Propeck T, Jamadar DA, Jebson PJ, Hayes CW. US of the anterior bundle of the ulnar collateral ligament: findings in five cadaver elbows with MR arthrographic and anatomic comparison-initial observations. Radiology 2003; 227: 561-566 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2272020462
  18. Miller TT, Adler RS, Friedman L. Sonography of injury of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow-initial experience. Skeletal Radiol 2004; 33: 386-391
  19. Nazarian LN, McShane JM, Ciccotti MG, O'Kane PL, Harwood MI. Dynamic US of the anterior band of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow in asymptomatic major league baseball pitchers. Radiology 2003; 227: 149-154 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2271020288
  20. Grechenig W, Mayr J, Peicha G, Boldin C. Subluxation of the ulnar nerve in the elbow region-ultrasonographic evaluation. Acta Radiol 2003; 44: 662-664 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1600-0455.2003.00143.x
  21. Jacobson JA, Jebson PJ, Jeffers AW, Fessell DP, Hayes CW. Ulnar nerve dislocation and snapping triceps syndrome: diagnosis with dynamic sonography-report of three cases. Radiology 2001; 220: 601-605 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2202001723
  22. De Maeseneer M, Jacobson JA, Jaovisidha S, Lenchik L, Ryu KN, Trudell DR, et al. Elbow effusions: distribution of joint fluid with flexion and extension and imaging implications. Invest Radiol 1998; 33: 117-125 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199802000-00010
  23. Miller JH, Beggs I. Detection of intraarticular bodies of the elbow with saline arthrosonography. Clin Radiol 2001; 56: 231-234 https://doi.org/10.1053/crad.2000.0630
  24. Frankel DA, Bargiela A, Bouffard JA, Craig JG, Shirazi KK, van Holsbeeck MT. Synovial joints: evaluation of intraarticular bodies with US. Radiology 1998; 206: 41-44 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.206.1.9423649