Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Correlation between fish consumption and the risk of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly living in rural areas

농촌지역에 거주하는 노인의 생선 섭취량과 인지기능저하 위험도 간의 상관성

  • Yu, Areum (Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Public Health, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • Kim, Jihye (Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research) ;
  • Choi, Bo Youl (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Mi Kyung (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Yang, Yoonkyoung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Ansan University) ;
  • Yang, Yoon Jung (Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Natural Science, Dongduk Women's University)
  • 유아름 (동덕여자대학교 임상영양학과) ;
  • 김지혜 (한양대학교 류마티즘 연구원) ;
  • 최보율 (한양대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 김미경 (한양대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 양윤경 (안산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 양윤정 (동덕여자대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2020.12.02
  • Accepted : 2021.02.18
  • Published : 2021.04.30
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Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the correlation between fish consumption and the risk of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly living in rural areas. Methods: The Yangpyeong cohort data collected from Yangpyeong in July 2009 and August 2010 was used as the data set. Adults greater than or equal to 60 years who have completed the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-KC) were selected for the study. After excluding participants with less than 500 kcal of energy intake (n = 2), a total of 806 adults were enrolled as the final subjects. Cognitive function was assessed using the MMSE-KC, and dietary intake was collected using the quantitative food frequency questionnaire comprising 106 foods or food groups. Results: The educational level, proportion of people who exercise, fruits and vegetable intake, and energy intake, tended to increase with fish intake among men, while increasing age resulted in decreased fish consumption. Among women, the educational level, proportion of subjects who exercise, proportion of subjects currently taking dietary supplements, fruits and vegetable intake, and energy intake, tended to increase with fish consumption, whereas increasing age showed decreasing fish consumption. Increased fish intake resulted in a higher MMSE-KC score after adjusting for the confounding variables in women (p for trend = 0.016), but no significant trend was observed between fish intake and MMSE-KC score in men. Fish intake was inversely related to the risk of mild cognitive impairment after adjusting for covariates in women (Q1 vs. Q4; odds ratio, 0.46 [0.23-0.90]; p for trend = 0.009). Conclusion: This study determined that increased fish consumption is correlated with reduced risk of mild cognitive impairment in the female elderly. Further longitudinal studies with larger samples are required to determine a causal relationship between fish intake and cognitive function.

본 연구는 2009-2010년 양평지역에서 수행된 양평 코호트 자료를 활용하여 60세 이상 노인을 대상으로 생선 섭취량과 인지기능저하와의 상관성을 확인하였다. 여자 노인의 경우 생선 섭취량이 높을수록 MMSE-KC 평균 점수가 높아지는 경향을 보였으나 (p for trend = 0.016), 남자 노인의 경우 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 또한 여자 노인의 경우 생선 섭취량이 높을수록 인지기능저하의 위험이 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 (p for trend = 0.009), 남자 노인의 경우 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 나타나지 않았다. 여자 노인의 경우 생선 섭취량이 높을수록 항산화 비타민 (베타 카로틴, 비타민 A, 비타민 C, 비타민 E), 비타민 B군 (엽산, 비타민 B12), 지방산 (총 지방산, 포화지방산, 단일불포화지방산, 다불포화지방산, α-리놀렌산, EPA, DHA, 총 n-3 다불포화지방산) 섭취량이 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 남자 노인의 경우 생선 섭취량이 높을수록 항산화 비타민 (베타 카로틴, 비타민 A, 비타민 C, 비타민 E), 비타민 B군(엽산, 비타민 B12), 지방산 (총 지방산, 포화지방산, 단일불포화지방산, 다불포화지방산, α-리놀렌산, EPA, DHA, 총 n-3 다불포화지방산) 섭취량이 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구 결과 여자 노인에서 생선의 섭취가 많을 수록 인지기능저하 위험도가 감소함을 확인하였다. 향후 다양한 집단에서 생선 섭취량과 노인의 인지능력 간의 인과관계를 규명할 수 있는 종적연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2018R1D1A1B07049353). This work was also supported by the Research Program funded by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004-E71004-00, 2005-E71011-00, 2006-E71009-00, 2007-E71002-00, 2008-E71004-00, 2009-E71006-00, 2010-E71003-00, 2011-E71002-00).

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