Journal of Practical Engineering Education (실천공학교육논문지)

Korean Institute for Pratical Engineering Education (한국실천공학교육학회)
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The Effect of the Parent's Economic Capital on the English Language Learner's Social Capital and Achievement in the Middle School

부모의 경제자본이 중학교 영어 학습자의 사회자본과 영어성취도에 미치는 효과

  • Kim, Yong-suk (Department of Liberal Arts, Korea University of Technology and Education)
  • 김용석 (한국기술교육대학교 교양학부)
  • Received : 2020.10.21
  • Accepted : 2021.04.20
  • Published : 2021.04.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of parents' economic power on the students' English achievement in the middle school and to clarify whether or not the parents' economic capital was transformed into students' social capital, which would depend upon the parents' economic capital. This study also investigated the degree of the effect of both the students' social capital in the family and social capital outside the family on English achievement. Two variables like parents' total income and the education fee for private education were used for the economic capital, and the variables such as the communication with parents, emotional help, academic help were for the social capital in the family. The variable of the social capital outside the family included students' class attitude, communication with teachers, the relationship with classmates, etc. This study provided a research model to get the answer for the research questions and, using the latent growth model, analyzed the initial value and slope of the 3 years longitudinal data as the time went. The result was that both parents' total income and private education for the economic capital had an influence on the students' English achievement, but not on their social capital. The fee for private education of the both variables only impacted the social capital. The social capital in the family affected the social capital outside the family in the research model. The social capital in the family had a negative effect on students' English achievement, but the social capital outside the family influenced positively on it. In conclusion, the fee for the private education among parents' economic capital not only affected students' English achievement, but also was changed into their social capital, which made a difference in their English ability.

본 연구 목적은 우리 사회에서 부모가 소유한 경제자본이 자녀의 사회자본으로 변화할 수 있는 가능성과 자녀의 경제자본 및 사회자본이 영어성취도에 미치는 영향력을 살펴보는 것이다. 즉, 사회자본이 부모의 경제자본에 어느 정도 종속되어 있는지 조사하는 것이 연구 핵심이며 연구에서 사회자본을 가족내사회자본과 가족외사회자본으로 재분류하고 이 요인들이 영어성취도에 영향을 얼마만큼 주고 있는지도 조사한다. 본 연구는 경제자본 요인을 위해 부모총소득, 사교육비의 변수들을 포함하였고, 가족내사회자본 요인을 위해 부모소통, 정서적 지원, 학업적 지원 같은 측정 변수들을 사용하였으며, 가족외사회자본을 위해서 학생들의 수업태도, 교사와의 소통, 급우관계 등을 포함시켰다. 3년에 걸친 종단 자료를 바탕으로 시간의 흐름에 따른 변화를 분석하기 위해 연구모형이 제시되고 잠재성장모형 분석이 이용되었다. 연구 결과는 부모의 경제자본인 부모총소득과 사교육비 모두 영어성취도에 직접 영향을 주었으나 자녀가 소유한 사회자본에는 사교육비만 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 사회자본에 해당하는 가족내사회자본과 가족외사회자본 두 요인 사이의 관계도 살펴보았으며 가족내사회자본은 가족외사회자본에 영향을 주었고 연구모형에서 가족내사회자본은 영어성취도에 부적 영향을 주었지만 가족외사회자본은 정적 영향을 주었다. 결론적으로 부모의 경제자본 중 사교육비는 자녀의 영어성취도에 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라 사회자본으로도 변화하여 자녀의 영어능력에 차이를 만들었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2019년도 한국기술교육대학교 교육연구진흥비 지원에 의해 연구되었음.

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