Korean Journal of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Simultaneous infection with rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus and Pasteurella multocida in rabbits

  • Lee, Yun Chan (Chungnam Veterinary Service Lab.) ;
  • Oh, Yeonsu (College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Sang Ho (Chungnam Veterinary Service Lab.) ;
  • Chae, Mi Kyung (Chungnam Veterinary Service Lab.) ;
  • Na, Ki Bok (Chungnam Veterinary Service Lab.) ;
  • Yook, Sim Yong (Chungnam Veterinary Service Lab.) ;
  • Han, Jeong Hee (College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2020.12.20
  • Accepted : 2021.03.19
  • Published : 2021.03.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Rabbit infectious hemorrhagic fever has been reported in rabbits worldwide. The disease is also frequently reported on Korean rabbit farms, and the pathological study of 9 rabbits on such disease-occurring farms was attempted to identify the pathogen. Clinical signs were torticollis and ear ulceration. Most rabbit died with bloody nasal discharges. At necropsy, multiple hemorrhages and inflammation were observed in heart, lung, liver and uterus. The main histopathologic features were hemorrhagic suppurative meningoencephalitis, fibrinous bronchointerstitial pneumonia, bacteremia, liver cell necrosis, multifocal hemorrhages in kidney and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. The viral VP60 gene of RHDV was identified by Reverse Transcriptase PCR. Pasteurella multocida organisms were cultured, identified by biochemical test and serotyped as A by multiplex capsular typing PCR. In conclusion, the fatal hemorrhagic disease was due to combined infection with both RHDV and P. multocida in rabbits. To our knowledge, this is the first case report about co-infection with both RHDV and P. multocida in rabbits in Korea.

Keywords

References

  1. Abrantes J, Lopes AM, Dalton KP, Melo P, Correia JJ, Ramada M, Alves PC, Parra F, Esteves PJ. 2013. New variant of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, Portugal, 2012-2013. Emerg Infect Dis 19: 1900-1902. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130908.
  2. Abrantes J, van der Loo W, Le Pendu J, Esteves PJ. 2012. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV): a review. Vet Res 43: 12. doi:10.1186/1297-9716-43-12.
  3. Alonso C, Oviedo JM, Diaz E, Boga JA, Parra F. 1998. Programmed cell death in the pathogenesis of rabbit hemorrhagic disease. Arch Virol 143: 321-332. doi:10.1007/s007050050289.
  4. Barcena J, Guerra B, Angulo I, Gonzalez J, Valcarcel F, Mata CP, Caston JR, Blanco E, Alejo A. 2015. Comparative analysis of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and new RHDV2 virus antigenicity, using specific virus-like particles. Vet Res 46: 106-111. doi: 10.1186/s13567-015-0245-5.
  5. Brogden KA. 1980. Physiological and serological characteristics of 48 Pasteurella multocida cultures from rabbits. J Clin Microbiol 11: 646-649. doi: 10.1128/JCM.11.6.646-649.1980.
  6. Corrigan JJ Jr, Kiernat JF. 1975. Effect of heparin in experimental gram-negative septicemia. J Infect Dis. 131: 138-143. doi:10.1093/infdis/131.2.138.
  7. Coudert P, Rideaud P, Virag G, Cerrone A. 2006. Pasteurellosis in rabbits. pp. 147-162. In: Maertens L, Coudert P (ed.) Recent advances in rabbit sciences. Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Merelbeke.
  8. Dalton KP, Nicieza I, Balseiro A, Muguerza MA, Rosell JM, Casais R, Alvarez AL, Parra F. 2012. Variant rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus in young rabbits, Spain. Emerg Infect Dis 18: 2009-2012. doi: 10.3201/eid1812.120341.
  9. Dillehay DL, Paul KS, Digiacomo RF, Chengappa MM. 1991. Pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida A:3 in flemish giant and new zealand white rabbits. Lab Anim 25: 337-341. doi: 10.1258/002367791780810056.
  10. Harper M, Boyce JD, Adler B. 2006. Pasteurella multocida pathogenesis:125 years after Pasteur. FEMS Microbiol Lett 265: 1-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00442.x.
  11. Hozbor D, Fouque F, Guiso N. 1999. Detection of Bordetella bronchiseptica by polymerase chain reaction. Res Microbiol 150: 333-341. doi: 10.1016/s0923-2508(99)80059-x.
  12. Jaglic Z, Kucerova Z, Nedbalcova K, Hlozek P, Bartos M. 2004. Identification of Pasteurella multocida serogroup F isolates in rabbits. J Vet Med 51: 467-469. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450-2004.00807.x.
  13. Jeong J, Lee K, Choi EJ, Kim HY, Sohn JH, So BJ, Jung JY. 2018. Meningoencephalitis and pneumonia caused by Pasteurella multocida in rabbits. Korean J Vet Res 58: 61-64. https://doi.org/10.14405/kjvr.2018.58.1.61
  14. Jung JY, Lee BJ, Tai JH, Park JH, Lee YS. 2000. Apoptosis in rabbit haemorrhagic disease. J Comp Pathol 123: 135-140. doi:10.1053/jcpa.2000.0403.
  15. Katoch S, Verma L, Sharma M, Asrani RK, Kumar S, Chahota R, Verma S. 2015. Experimental study of the pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida capsular type B in rabbits. J Comp Pathol 153: 160-166. doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.06.005.
  16. Kunstyr I, Naumann S. 1985. Head tilt in rabbits caused by pasteurellosis and encephalitozoonosis. Lab Anim 19: 208-213. doi:10.1258/002367785780893548.
  17. Le Minor O, Boucher S, Joudou L, Mellet R, Sourice M, Le Moullec T, Nicolier A, Beilvert F, Sigognault-Flochlay A. 2019. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease: experimental study of a recent highly pathogenic GI.2/RHDV2/b strain and evaluation of vaccine efficacy. World Rabbit Sci 27: 143-156. doi:10.4995/wrs.2019.11082.
  18. Le Pendu J, Abrantes J, Bertagnoli S, Guitton JS, Le Gall-Recule G, Lopes AM, Marchandeau S, Alda F, Almeida T, Celio AP, Barcena J, Burmakina G, Blanco E, Calvete C, Cavadini P, Cooke B, Dalton K, Mateos MD, Deptula W, Eden JS, Wang F, Ferreira CC, Ferreira P, Foronda P, Goncalves D, Gavier-Widen D, Hall R, Hukowska-Szematowicz B, Kerr P, Kovaliski J, Lavazza A, Mahar J, Malogolovkin A, Marques RM, Marques S, MartinAlonso A, Monterroso P, Moreno S, Mutze G, Neimanis A, Niedzwiedzka-Rystwej P, Peacock D, Parra F, Rocchi M, Rouco C, Ruvoen-Clouet N, Silva E, Silverio D, Strive T, Thompson G, Tokarz-Deptula B, Esteves P. 2017. Proposal for a unified classification system and nomenclature of lagoviruses. J Gen Virol 98: 1658-1666. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000840.
  19. Levi M, Ten Cate H. 1999. Disseminated intravascular coagulation. N Engl J Med 341: 586-592. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199908193410807.
  20. Li J, Yuan J. 2008. Caspases in apoptosis and beyond. Oncogene. 27: 6194-6206. doi: 10.1038/onc.2008.297.
  21. Ohlinger V, Haas B, Thiel H. 1993. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD): characterization of the causative calicivirus. Vet Res 24: 103-116.
  22. Park JH, Lee YS, Itakura C. 1995. Pathogenesis of acute necrotic hepatitis in rabbit hemorrhagic disease. Lab Anim Sci 45: 445-449.
  23. Premalatha N, Kumar K, Purushothaman V, Ravikumar G, Muralimanohar B. 2009. Incidence of Pasteurellosis (snuffles) In a rabbit farm. Tamilnadu J Vet Anim Sci 5: 269-271.
  24. Quan TJ, Tsuchiya KR, Carter LG. 1986. Recovery and identification of Pasteurella multocida from mammals and fleas collected during plague investigations. J Wildl Dis 22: 7-12. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-22.1.7.
  25. Soriano-Vargas E, Vega-Sanchez V, Zamora-Espinosa JL, Acosta-Dibarrat J, Aguilar-Romero F, Negrete-Abascal E. 2012. Identification of Pasteurella multocida capsular types isolated from rabbits and other domestic animals in Mexico with respiratory diseases. Trop Anim Health Prod 44: 935-937. doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-9995-x.
  26. Spickler AR. 2016. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease. http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/DiseaseInfo/factsheets.php.
  27. Townsend KM, Boyce JD, Chung JY, Frost AJ, Adler B. 2001. Genetic organization of Pasteurella multocida cap loci and development of multiplex capsular PCR typing system. J Clin Microbiol 39: 924-929. doi: 10.1128/JCM.39.3.924-929.2001.
  28. Ueda K, Park JH, Ochiai K, Itakura C. 1992. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Jpn J Vet Res 40:133-141.
  29. Xu WY. 1991. Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits in the People's Republic of China: epidemiology and virus characterization. Rev Sci Tech 10: 393-408. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.10.2.559
  30. Yang DK, Kim BH, Kim JY, Kim HJ, Lee KW, Choi SS, Chun JE, Son SW. 2009. Identification and molecular characterization of a rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus variant (KV0801) isolated in Korea. Korean J Vet Res 49: 207-213.