Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Long-term deflection prediction in steel-concrete composite beams

  • Lou, Tiejiong (Hubei Key Laboratory of Roadway Bridge & Structure Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology) ;
  • Wu, Sishun (Hubei Key Laboratory of Roadway Bridge & Structure Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology) ;
  • Karavasilis, Theodore L. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Patras) ;
  • Chen, Bo (Hubei Key Laboratory of Roadway Bridge & Structure Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology)
  • Received : 2020.07.05
  • Accepted : 2021.03.09
  • Published : 2021.04.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper aims to improve the current state-of-the-art in long-term deflection prediction in steel-concrete composite beams. The efficiency of a time-dependent finite element model based on linear creep theory is verified with available experimental data. A parametric numerical study is then carried out, which focuses on the effects of concrete creep and/or shrinkage, ultimate shrinkage strain and reinforcing bars in the slab. The study shows that the long-term deformations in composite beams are dominated by concrete shrinkage and that a higher area of reinforcing bars leads to lower long-term deformations and steel stresses. The AISC model appears to overestimate the shrinkage-induced deflection. A modified ACI equation is proposed to quantify time-dependent deflections in composite beams. In particular, a modified reduction factor reflecting the influence of reinforcing bars and a coefficient reflecting the influence of ultimate shrinkage are introduced in the proposed equation. The long-term deflections predicted by this equation and the results of extensive numerical analyses are found to be in good agreement.

Keywords

References

  1. ACI Committee 318. (2019), Building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318-19) and commentary (ACI 318R-19), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.
  2. AISC. (2016), Specification for structural steel buildings, ANSI/AISC 360-16, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, IL.
  3. Al-deen, S., Ranzi, G. and Vrcelj, Z. (2011), "Full-scale long-term experiments of simply supported composite beams with solid slabs", J. Constr. Steel Res., 67(3), 308-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.11.001.
  4. Amadio, C., Fragiacomo, M. and Macorini, L. (2012), "Evaluation of the deflection of steel-concrete composite beams at serviceability limit state", J. Constr. Steel Res., 73, 95-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.01.009.
  5. Bradford, M.A. (1991), "Deflections of composite steel-concrete beams subject to creep and shrinkage", ACI Struct. J., 88(5), 610-614. https://doi.org/10.14359/3156.
  6. Bradford, M.A. and Gilbert, R.I. (1991), "Time-dependent behaviour of simply-supported steel-concrete composite beams", Mag. Concrete Res., 43(157), 265-274. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1991.43.157.265.
  7. Bradford, M.A. and Gilbert, R.I. (1992), "Composite beams with partial interaction under sustained loads", ASCE J. Struct. Eng., 118(7), 1871-1883. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1992)118:7(1871).
  8. CEN. (2004), Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, EN 1994-1-1, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium.
  9. Davoodnabi, S., Mirhosseini, S. and Shariati, M. (2019), "Behavior of steel-concrete composite beam using angle shear connectors at fire condition", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(2), 141-147. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.2.141.
  10. Fan, J., Nie, J., Li, Q. and Wang, H. (2010), "Long-term behavior of composite beams under positive and negative bending. I: Experimental study", ASCE J. Struct. Eng., 136(7), 849-857. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000175.
  11. Ghali, A., Favre, R. and Elbadry, M. (2002), "Concrete structures: stresses and deformations", 3rd Ed., Spon Press, London and New York.
  12. Gilbert, R.I. and Bradford, M.A. (1995), "Time-dependent behavior of continuous composite beams at service loads", ASCE J. Struct. Eng., 121(2), 319-327. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1995)121:2(319).
  13. He, G. and Li, X. (2020), "Weak-form quadrature-element method for creep and shrinkage analysis of steel-concrete composite beams", ASCE J. Eng. Mech., 146(4), 04020015. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001744.
  14. Henriques, D., Goncalves, R. and Camotim, D. (2018), "Creep analysis of steel-concrete composite beams using generalized beam theory", Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Thin-Walled Structures - ICTWS, Lisbon, Portugal.
  15. Henriques, D., Goncalves, R. and Camotim, D. (2019), "A visco-elastic GBT-based finite element for steel-concrete composite beams", Thin-Wall. Struct., 145, 106440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106440.
  16. Huang, D., Wei, J., Liu, X., Zhang, S. and Chen, T. (2018a), "Influence of post-pouring joint on long-term performance of steel-concrete composite beam", Steel Compos. Struct., 28(1), 39-49. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.1.039.
  17. Huang, H., Huang, S.S. and Pilakoutas, K. (2018b), "Modeling for assessment of long-term behavior of prestressed concrete boxgirder bridges", J. Bridge Eng.- ASCE, 23(3), 04018002. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001210.
  18. Kwak, H.G. and Seo, Y.J. (2000), "Long-term behavior of composite girder bridges". Computers and Structures, 74, 583-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(99)00064-4.
  19. Lopes, A.V. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2012), "Importance of a rigorous evaluation of the cracking moment in RC beams and slabs", Comput. Concrete, 9(4), 275-291. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2012.9.4.275.
  20. Lou, T. and Karavasilis, T.L. (2018), "Time-dependent assessment and deflection prediction of prestressed concrete beams with unbonded CFRP tendons", Compos. Struct., 194, 365-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.04.013.
  21. Ranzi, G., Leoni, G. and Zandonini, R. (2013), "State of the art on the time-dependent behaviour of composite steel-concrete structures", J. Constr. Steel Res., 80, 252-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.08.005.
  22. Sakr, M.A. and Sakla, S.S.S. (2008), "Long-term deflection of cracked composite beams with nonlinear partial shear interaction: I - Finite element modeling", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(12), 1446-1455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.01.003.
  23. Sakr, M.A. and Sakla, S.S.S. (2009), "Long-term deflection of cracked composite beams with nonlinear partial shear interaction - A study using neural networks", Eng. Struct., 31, 2988-2997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.07.027.
  24. Shariati, M., Tahmasbi, F., Mehrabi, P., Bahadori, A. and Toghroli, A. (2020), "Monotonic behavior of C and L shaped angle shear connectors within steel-concrete composite beams: an experimental investigation", Steel Compos. Struct., 35(2), 237-247. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.35.2.237.
  25. Tong, T., Yu, Q. and Su, Q. (2018), "Coupled effects of concrete shrinkage, creep, and cracking on the performance of postconnected prestressed steel-concrete composite girders", J. Bridge Eng.-ASCE, 23(3), 04017145. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001192.
  26. Virtuoso, F. and Vieira, R. (2004), "Time dependent behaviour of continuous composite beams with flexible connection", J. Constr. Steel Res., 60, 451-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(03)00123-8.
  27. Wang, W. and Gong, J. (2019), "New relaxation function and age-adjusted effective modulus expressions for creep analysis of concrete structures", Eng. Struct., 188, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.009.
  28. Zhu, B.F. (2009), "The finite element method theory and application", 3rd Ed., China Water Power Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
  29. Zienkiewicz, O.C. and Watson, M. (1966), "Some creep effects in stress analysis with particular reference to concrete pressure vessels", Nuclear Eng. Design, 4(4), 406-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(66)90069-0.

Cited by

  1. Analysis of Equivalent Flexural Stiffness of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams in Frame Structures vol.11, pp.21, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110305