Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Phytotoxicity and Translocation of Residual Diquat Dibromide from Sandy Loam and Loam Soil to Following Crops Cultivating in the Soils

  • Cho, Il Kyu (Eco-Friendly Agri-Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation) ;
  • Kim, Won-Il (Eco-Friendly Agri-Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation) ;
  • Yang, Hae-Ryong (Korea Bio-Safety Institute Co., LTD) ;
  • Seol, Jae Ung (Eco-Friendly Agri-Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation) ;
  • Oh, Young Goun (Eco-Friendly Agri-Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation) ;
  • Lee, Dong-gi (Eco-Friendly Agri-Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation) ;
  • Moon, Joon-Kwan (School of Applied Science in Natural Resources and Environment, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Cho, Woo Young (Department of Agriculture and Biological Chemistry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Kil Yong (Department of Agriculture and Biological Chemistry, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2021.08.15
  • Accepted : 2021.11.16
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diquat dibromide is a fast-acting nonselective herbicide and plant growth regulator. In this study, in order to understand the possibility of unintentional pesticide contamination in the following crops, the phytotoxicity and transition of diquat dibromide residue in soil into the following crops such as pepper, radish, lettuce and corn have been assessed through phytotoxicity trial and residual evaluation in the unintentional contamination of the higher residual diquat dibromide. METHODS AND RESULTS: The pepper, radish, lettuce and corn were cultivated in the sandy soil and loam soil where the 35 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg diquat dibromide were applied, respectively. Mild growth inhibition symptoms were observed in radish, lettuce and corn crops at the 90 mg/kg- diquat dibromide treatment on the 30 day of cultivation. Diquat dibromide was analyzed using liquid chromatography QTRAP (LC-MS/MS). The recovery rates of diquat dibromide from soil and crop were determined within range from 89.1 to 116.4% with relative standard deviation less than 14.7%. Diquat dibromide residues in soil were found to be 23.90-30.22 and 69.59-82.57 mg/kg from the 35 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg of diquat dibromide-treated soil, respectively after 30 days of crop cultivation. This result implicates that diquat dibromide did not convert to metabolites and remained mostly in the soil, even though it was partially decomposed during crop cultivation. In addition, the diquat dibromide in pepper and radish that were grown for 47 days, and lettuce and corn that were cultivated for 30 days were detected to be 0.01 mg/kg or less in the sandy loam and loam soil where the 90 mg/kg diquat dibromide was applied. CONCLUSION(S): Diquat dibromide did not cause severe phytotoxicity in the following crops as well as it did not uptake and distribute to the following crops, even though it was considered to be residual in the soil.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported in part by the research program for agricultural science & technology development (Project No. PJ01364103), Rural Development Administration (RDA) and the National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation (Project No. 19162 556), Republic of Korea.

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