DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Lip repositioning with or without myotomy: a systematic review

  • 투고 : 2020.06.07
  • 심사 : 2020.11.02
  • 발행 : 2021.02.28

초록

Excessive gingival display is an esthetic issue that is commonly managed by different procedures. Lip repositioning is a modality to address concerns of affected patients. The aim of this review was to investigate the scientific evidence on outcomes and long-term stability of lip repositioning surgery with or without myotomy. The electronic search was conducted in three databases: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to October 2019. No publication status, language, or time restrictions were applied. The electronic search was complemented by a manual search of the reference lists. Three hundred thirty-eight studies were screened by title, and 16 articles remained for data extraction. The included studies assessed the lip repositioning procedure in 144 patients aged between 15-59 years (134 females and 10 males). Based on the available data, lip repositioning with myotomy/muscle containment can be a successful treatment for minor discrepancies in gingival display in selected cases. However, further well-organized controlled clinical trials are recommended to derive a conclusion about the long-term stability compared with other alternatives.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Tjan AH, Miller GD, The JG. Some esthetic factors in a smile. J Prosthet Dent 1984;51:24-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3913(84)80097-9
  2. Wu H, Lin J, Zhou L, Bai D. Classification and craniofacial features of gummy smile in adolescents. J Craniofac Surg 2010;21:1474-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181edc627
  3. Miron H, Calderon S, Allon D. Upper lip changes and gingival exposure on smiling: vertical dimension analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:87-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.07.017
  4. Levine RA, McGuire M. The diagnosis and treatment of the gummy smile. Compend Contin Educ Dent 1997;18:757-62, 764; quiz 766.
  5. Lee EA. Aesthetic crown lengthening: classification, biologic rationale, and treatment planning considerations. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent. 2004;16:769-78; quiz 780.
  6. Kokich VG. Esthetics: the orthodontic-periodontic restorative connection. Semin Orthod 1996;2:21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1073-8746(96)80036-3
  7. Hong RK, Lim SM, Heo JM, Baek SH. Orthodontic treatment of gummy smile by maxillary total intrusion with a midpalatal absolute anchorage system. Korean J Orthod 2013;43:147-58. https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2013.43.3.147
  8. Ishida LH, Ishida LC, Ishida J, Grynglas J, Alonso N, Ferreira MC. Myotomy of the levator labii superioris muscle and lip repositioning: a combined approach for the correction of gummy smile. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010;126:1014-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181e3b6d4
  9. Fowler P. Orthodontics and orthognathic surgery in the combined treatment of an excessively "gummy smile". N Z Dent J 1999;95:53-4.
  10. Suber JS, Dinh TP, Prince MD, Smith PD. OnabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of a "gummy smile". Aesthet Surg J 2014;34:432-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090820X14527603
  11. Rubinstein AM, Kostianovsky AS. Cosmetic surgery for the malformation of the laugh: original technique. Prensa Med Argent 1973;60:952.
  12. Litton C, Fournier P. Simple surgical correction of the gummy smile. Plast Reconstr Surg 1979;63:372-3. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-197903000-00014
  13. Ellenbogen R, Swara N. The improvement of the gummy smile using the implant spacer technique. Ann Plast Surg 1984;12:16-24. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-198401000-00004
  14. Ezquerra F, Berrazueta MJ, Ruiz-Capillas A, Arregui JS. New approach to the gummy smile. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999;104:1143-50; discussion 1151-2. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199909040-00040
  15. Simon Z, Rosenblatt A, Dorfman W. Eliminating a gummy smile with surgical lip repositioning. J Cosmet Dent 2007;23:102-9.
  16. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG; PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement. Open Med 2009;3:e123-30.
  17. Harden A, Peersman G, Oliver S, Mauthner M, Oakley A. A systematic review of the effectiveness of health promotion interventions in the workplace. Occup Med (Lond) 1999;49:540-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/49.8.540
  18. Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al., eds. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 2nd ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 2019.
  19. Slim K, Nini E, Forestier D, Kwiatkowski F, Panis Y, Chipponi J. Methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS): development and validation of a new instrument. ANZ J Surg 2003;73:712-6. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x
  20. Ramesh A, Vellayappan R, Ravi S, Gurumoorthy K. Esthetic lip repositioning: a cosmetic approach for correction of gummy smile - a case series. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2019;23:290-4. https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_548_18
  21. Foudah MA. Lip repositioning: an alternative to invasive surgery a 4 year follow up case report. Saudi Dent J 2019;31(Suppl):S78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.02.030
  22. K D, Yadalam U, Ranjan R, Narayan SJ. Lip repositioning, an alternative treatment of gummy smile - a case report. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018;8:231-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.09.007
  23. Faus-Matoses V, Faus-Matoses I, Jorques-Zafrilla A, Faus-Llacer VJ. Lip repositioning technique. A simple surgical procedure to improve the smile harmony. J Clin Exp Dent 2018;10:e408-12. https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.54721
  24. Sharma A, Sharma S, Garg H, Singhal V, Mishra P. Lip repositioning: a boon in smile enhancement. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2017;10:219-22. https://doi.org/10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_50_17
  25. Sanchez IM, Gaud-Quintana S, Stern JK. Modified lip repositioning with esthetic crown lengthening: a combined approach to treating excessive gingival display. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2017;37:e130-4. https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.3124
  26. Littuma GJS, de Souza HCM, Penarrieta GM, Magini RS, Saba-Chujfi E. Lip repositioning technique with smile elevator muscle containment - a novel cosmetic approach for gummy smile: case report. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2017;38:e9-12.
  27. Khan MN, Akbar Z, Shah I. Rapid and promising technique to treat gummy smile - lip repositioning. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2017;27:447-9.
  28. Gibson MP, Tatakis DN. Treatment of gummy smile of multifactorial etiology: a case report. Clin Adv Periodontics 2017;7:167-73. https://doi.org/10.1902/cap.2017.160074
  29. Farista S, Yeltiwar R, Kalakonda B, Thakare KS. Laser-assisted lip repositioning surgery: novel approach to treat gummy smile. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2017;21:164-8. https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp_411_16
  30. Mahn DH. Elimination of a "gummy smile" with crown lengthening and lip repositioning. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2016;37:52-5.
  31. Aly LA, Hammouda NI. Botox as an adjunct to lip repositioning for the management of excessive gingival display in the presence of hypermobility of upper lip and vertical maxillary excess. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2016;13:478-83. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.197039
  32. Rao AG, Koganti VP, Prabhakar AK, Soni S. Modified lip repositioning: a surgical approach to treat the gummy smile. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2015;19:356-9. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-124X.152400
  33. Muthukumar S, Natarajan S, Madhankumar S, Sampathkumar J. Lip repositioning surgery for correction of excessive gingival display. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015;7(Suppl 2):S794-6. https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.163567
  34. Bhola M, Fairbairn PJ, Kolhatkar S, Chu SJ, Morris T, de Campos M. LipStaT: The lip stabilization technique- indications and guidelines for case selection and classification of excessive gingival display. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2015;35:549-59. https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.2059
  35. Storrer CL, Valverde FK, Santos FR, Deliberador TM. Treatment of gummy smile: gingival recontouring with the containment of the elevator muscle of the upper lip and wing of nose. A surgery innovation technique. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014;18:656-60. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-124X.142468
  36. Grover HS, Gupta A, Luthra S. Lip repositioning surgery: a pioneering technique for perio-esthetics. Contemp Clin Dent 2014;5:142-5. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-237X.128697
  37. Gaddale R, Desai SR, Mudda JA, Karthikeyan I. Lip repositioning. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014;18:254-8. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-124X.131349
  38. Sheth T, Shah S, Shah M, Shah E. Lip reposition surgery: a new call in periodontics. Contemp Clin Dent 2013;4:378-81. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-237X.118353
  39. Humayun N, Kolhatkar S, Souiyas J, Bhola M. Mucosal coronally positioned flap for the management of excessive gingival display in the presence of hypermobility of the upper lip and vertical maxillary excess: a case report. J Periodontol 2010;81:1858-63. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2010.100292
  40. Gupta KK, Srivastava A, Singhal R, Srivastava S. An innovative cosmetic technique called lip repositioning. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2010;14:266-9. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-124X.76936
  41. Rosenblatt A, Simon Z. Lip repositioning for reduction of excessive gingival display: a clinical report. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2006;26:433-7.
  42. Ambrosio F, Gadalla H, Kapoor N, Neely AL, Kinaia BM. Surgical lip repositioning procedure to correct excessive gingival display: a case report of identical twins. Clin Adv Periodontics 2018;8:48-53. https://doi.org/10.1902/cap.2017.170037
  43. Assenza B, Carinci F, Di Cristinzi A, Sinjari B, Murmura G, Scarano A. A cosmetic technique called lip repositioning in a patient of excessive gingival display. Eur J Inflamm 2011;9:115-9.
  44. Ergezen E, Akkocaoglu M, Avag C. Treatment of excessive gingival display with lip repositioning technique. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017;46(Suppl 1):367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.1236
  45. Mangano A, Mangano A. An innovative cosmetic technique called lip repositioning: a less invasive treatment possibility for dentists and surgeons. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013;17:287. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-124X.115635
  46. Polo M. Myotomy of the levator labii superioris muscle and lip repositioning: a combined approach for the correction of gummy smile. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011;127:2121-2. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e31820e930a
  47. Ganesh B, Burnice NKC, Mahendra J, Vijayalakshmi R, K AK. Laser-assisted lip repositioning with smile elevator muscle containment and crown lengthening for gummy smile: a case report. Clin Adv Periodontics 2019;9:135-41. https://doi.org/10.1002/cap.10060
  48. Torabi A, Najafi B, Drew HJ, Cappetta EG. Lip repositioning with vestibular shallowing technique for treatment of excessive gingival display with various etiologies. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2018;38(Suppl):e1-8. https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.3120
  49. Tawfik OK, Naiem SN, Tawfik LK, Yussif N, Meghil MM, Cutler CW, et al. Lip repositioning with or without myotomy: a randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2018;89:815-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.17-0598
  50. Alammar AM, Heshmeh OA. Lip repositioning with a myotomy of the elevator muscles for the management of a gummy smile. Dent Med Probl 2018;55:241-6. https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/92317
  51. Alammar A, Heshmeh O, Mounajjed R, Goodson M, Hamadah O. A comparison between modified and conventional surgical techniques for surgical lip repositioning in the management of the gummy smile. J Esthet Restor Dent 2018;30:523-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.12433
  52. Storrer CLM, de Oliveira ND, Deliberador TM, Ori LT, Guerrero SM, Santos FR, et al. Treatment of gingival smile: a case report. J Int Acad Periodontol 2017;19:51-6.
  53. Mantovani MB, Souza EC, Marson FC, Correa GO, Progiante PS, Silva CO. Use of modified lip repositioning technique associated with esthetic crown lengthening for treatment of excessive gingival display: a case report of multiple etiologies. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2016;20:82-7. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-124X.164746
  54. Abdullah WA, Khalil HS, Alhindi MM, Marzook H. Modifying gummy smile: a minimally invasive approach. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15:821-6. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1625
  55. Ozturan S, Ay E, Sagir S. Case series of laser-assisted treatment of excessive gingival display: an alternative treatment. Photomed Laser Surg 2014;32:517-23. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2014.3737
  56. Jananni M, Sivaramakrishnan M, Libby TJ. Surgical correction of excessive gingival display in class I vertical maxillary excess: Mucosal strip technique. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2014;5:494-8. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.136290
  57. Gabric Panduric D, Blaskovic M, Brozovic J, Susic M. Surgical treatment of excessive gingival display using lip repositioning technique and laser gingivectomy as an alternative to orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014;72:404.e1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2013.10.016
  58. Dayakar MM, Gupta S, Shivananda H. Lip repositioning: an alternative cosmetic treatment for gummy smile. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014;18:520-3. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-124X.138751
  59. Silva CO, Ribeiro-Junior NV, Campos TV, Rodrigues JG, Tatakis DN. Excessive gingival display: treatment by a modified lip repositioning technique. J Clin Periodontol 2013;40:260-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12046
  60. Ribeiro-Junior NV, Campos TV, Rodrigues JG, Martins TM, Silva CO. Treatment of excessive gingival display using a modified lip repositioning technique. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2013;33:309-14. https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.1325
  61. Jacobs PJ, Jacobs BP. Lip repositioning with reversible trial for the management of excessive gingival display: a case series. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2013;33:169-75. https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.1483
  62. Tawfik OK, El-Nahass HE, Shipman P, Looney SW, Cutler CW, Brunner M. Lip repositioning for the treatment of excess gingival display: a systematic review. J Esthet Restor Dent 2018;30:101-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.12352