The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The global distribution of permanent canine hypodontia: A systematic review

  • Sivarajan, Saritha (Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya) ;
  • Mani, Shani Ann (Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya) ;
  • John, Jacob (Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya) ;
  • Fayed, Mona M. Salah (Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University) ;
  • Kook, Yoon-Ah (Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Wey, Mang Chek (Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya)
  • Received : 2020.04.29
  • Accepted : 2020.09.16
  • Published : 2021.01.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: To systematically review studies on canine agenesis prevalence in different populations and continents, based on the jaw, sex, location, and associated dental anomalies. Methods: Electronic and hand searches of English literature in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, OpenGrey, and Science Direct were conducted, and the authors were contacted when necessary. Observational studies (population-based, hospital/clinic-based, and cross-sectional) were included. For study appraisal and synthesis, duplicate selection was performed independently by two reviewers. Study quality was assessed using a modified Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist, with main outcome of prevalence of canine agenesis. Results: The global population prevalence of canine agenesis was 0.30% (0.0-4.7%), highest in Asia (0.54%), followed by Africa (0.33%), and the least in Europe and South America (0.19% in both continents). Canine agenesis was more common in the maxilla (88.57%), followed by both maxilla and mandible (8.57%), and the least common was mandible-only presentation (2.86%). The condition was more common in females (female:male ratio = 1.23), except in Asia (female:male ratio = 0.88) and Africa (female:male ratio = 1). In Asia, unilateral agenesis was almost twice as prevalent as bilateral, but in Europe, the bilateral form was more common. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of canine agenesis is 0.30%, with the highest prevalence in Asia, followed by Africa, Europe, and South America. The condition is more common in the maxilla than the mandible, and in females than males (except in Asia and Africa), with unilateral agenesis being more common in Asia and the bilateral form showing a greater prevalence in Europe.

Keywords

References

  1. Goodman JR, Jones SP, Hobkirk JA, King PA. Hypodontia: 1. Clinical features and the management of mild to moderate hypodontia. Dent Update 1994;21:381-4.
  2. Lee JH, Yang BH, Lee SM, Kim YH, Shim HW, Chung HS. A study on the prevalence of dental anomalies in Korean dental-patients. Korean J Orthod 2011;41:346-53. https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2011.41.5.346
  3. Polder BJ, Van't Hof MA, Van der Linden FP, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of dental agenesis of permanent teeth. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2004;32:217-26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2004.00158.x
  4. Khalaf K, Miskelly J, Voge E, Macfarlane TV. Prevalence of hypodontia and associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthod 2014;41:299-316. https://doi.org/10.1179/1465313314Y.0000000116
  5. Endo T, Ozoe R, Kubota M, Akiyama M, Shimooka S. A survey of hypodontia in Japanese orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006;129:29-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.09.024
  6. Finkelstein T, Shapira Y, Pavlidi AM, Schonberger S, Shpack N. Agenesis of permanent canines in orthodontic patients: prevalence, location, treatment options and outcomes. J Dent Child (Chic) 2018;85:133-8.
  7. Butler PM. Studies of the mammalian dentition differentiation of the post-canine dentition. Proc Zool Soc London 1939;B109:1-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1939.tb00021.x
  8. Kokich VO Jr, Kinzer GA. Managing congenitally missing lateral incisors. Part I: canine substitution. J Esthet Restor Dent 2005;17:5-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8240.2005.tb00076.x
  9. Cho SY, Lee CK, Chan JC. Congenitally missing maxillary permanent canines: report of 32 cases from an ethnic Chinese population. Int J Paediatr Dent 2004;14:446-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2004.00571.x
  10. Higgins J, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1.0 [Internet]. London: Cochrane Training; 2011 [updated 2011 Mar; cited 2019 Nov 8]. Available from: https://training.cochrane.org/handbook/archive/v5.1/.
  11. von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP; STROBE Initiative. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Epidemiology 2007;18:800-4. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181577654
  12. Gkantidis N, Katib H, Oeschger E, Karamolegkou M, Topouzelis N, Kanavakis G. Patterns of nonsyndromic permanent tooth agenesis in a large orthodontic population. Arch Oral Biol 2017;79:42-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.020
  13. Peker I, Kaya E, Darendeliler-Yaman S. Clinic and radiographical evaluation of non-syndromic hypodontia and hyperdontia in permanent dentition. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2009;14:e393-7.
  14. Al-Abdallah M, AlHadidi A, Hammad M, Al-Ahmad H, Saleh R. Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies: a comparison between maxillary and mandibular tooth agenesis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015;148:793-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.05.024
  15. Gomes RR, da Fonseca JA, Paula LM, Faber J, Acevedo AC. Prevalence of hypodontia in orthodontic patients in Brasilia, Brazil. Eur J Orthod 2010;32:302-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjp107
  16. Rozsa N, Nagy K, Vajo Z, Gabris K, Soos A, Alberth M, et al. Prevalence and distribution of permanent canine agenesis in dental paediatric and orthodontic patients in Hungary. Eur J Orthod 2009;31:374-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjp018
  17. Mani SA, Mohsin WS, John J. Prevalence and patterns of tooth agenesis among Malay children. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2014;45: 490-8.
  18. Souza-Silva BN, Vieira WA, Bernardino IM, Batista MJ, Bittencourt MAV, Paranhos LR. Non-syndromic tooth agenesis patterns and their association with other dental anomalies: A retrospective study. Arch Oral Biol 2018;96:26-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.08.014
  19. Patil S, Doni B, Kaswan S, Rahman F. Prevalence of dental anomalies in Indian population. J Clin Exp Dent 2013;5:e183-6.
  20. Kazanci F, Celikoglu M, Miloglu O, Ceylan I, Kamak H. Frequency and distribution of developmental anomalies in the permanent teeth of a Turkish orthodontic patient population. J Dent Sci 2011;6:82-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2011.03.003
  21. Aktan AM, Kara IM, Sener I, Bereket C, Ay S, Ciftci ME. Radiographic study of tooth agenesis in the Turkish population. Oral Radiol 2010;26:95-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11282-010-0049-2
  22. Kuchler EC, Risso PA, Costa Mde C, Modesto A, Vieira AR. Studies of dental anomalies in a large group of school children. Arch Oral Biol 2008;53:941-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.04.003
  23. Tavajohi-Kermani H, Kapur R, Sciote JJ. Tooth agenesis and craniofacial morphology in an orthodontic population. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:39-47. https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2002.123948
  24. Abu-Hussein M, Watted N, Watted A, Abu-Hussein Y, Yehia M, Awadi O, et al. Prevalence of tooth agenesis in orthodontic patients at Arab population in Israel. Int J Public Health Res 2015;3:77-82.
  25. Ng'ang'a RN, Ng'ang'a PM. Hypodontia of permanent teeth in a Kenyan population. East Afr Med J 2001;78:200-3.
  26. Sisman Y, Uysal T, Gelgor IE. Hypodontia. Does the prevalence and distribution pattern differ in orthodontic patients? Eur J Dent 2007;1:167-73. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698333
  27. Calvano Kuchler E, De Andrade Risso P, De Castro Costa M, Modesto A, Vieira AR. Assessing the proposed association between tooth agenesis and taurodontism in 975 paediatric subjects. Int J Paediatr Dent 2008;18:231-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2007.00876.x
  28. Lai PY, Seow WK. A controlled study of the association of various dental anomalies with hypodontia of permanent teeth. Pediatr Dent 1989;11:291-6.
  29. Sheikhi M, Sadeghi MA, Ghorbanizadeh S. Prevalence of congenitally missing permanent teeth in Iran. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012;9(Suppl 1):105-11.
  30. Behr M, Proff P, Leitzmann M, Pretzel M, Handel G, Schmalz G, et al. Survey of congenitally missing teeth in orthodontic patients in Eastern Bavaria. Eur J Orthod 2011;33:32-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjq021
  31. Gonzalez-Allo A, Campoy MD, Moreira J, Ustrell J, Pinho T. Tooth agenesis in a Portuguese population. Int Orthod 2012;10:198-210.
  32. Vahid-Dastjerdi E, Borzabadi-Farahani A, Mahdian M, Amini N. Non-syndromic hypodontia in an Iranian orthodontic population. J Oral Sci 2010;52:455-61. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.52.455
  33. Topkara A, Sari Z. Prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in a Turkish orthodontic patient population: results from a large academic cohort. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2011;12:123-7.
  34. Bernadette KM, Krisztina M, Melinda S. Prevalence and characteristics of tooth agenesis in permanent dentition of subjects from Tîrgu Mures. Acta Medica Marisiensis 2013;59:187-90. https://doi.org/10.2478/amma-2013-0043
  35. Alsoleihat F, Khraisat A. Hypodontia: prevalence and pattern amongst the living Druze population - a Near Eastern genetic isolate. Homo 2014;65:201-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2014.03.003
  36. Backman B, Wahlin YB. Variations in number and morphology of permanent teeth in 7-year-old Swedish children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2001;11:11-7. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-263x.2001.00205.x
  37. Lynham A. Panoramic radiographic survey of hypodontia in Australian Defence Force recruits. Aust Dent J 1990;35:19-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03021.x
  38. Magnusson TE. Prevalence of hypodontia and malformations of permanent teeth in Iceland. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1977;5:173-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1977.tb01635.x
  39. Muller TP, Hill IN, Peterson AC, Blayney JR. A survey of congenitally missing permanent teeth. J Am Dent Assoc 1970;81:101-7. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1970.0151
  40. Nordgarden H, Jensen JL, Storhaug K. Reported prevalence of congenitally missing teeth in two Norwegian counties. Community Dent Health 2002;19:258-61.
  41. Locht S. Panoramic radiographic examination of 704 Danish children aged 9--10 years. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1980;8:375-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1980.tb01311.x
  42. Gokkaya B, Kargul B. Prevalence and pattern of non-syndromic hypodontia in a group of Turkish children. Acta Stomatol Croat 2016;50:58-64. https://doi.org/10.15644/asc50/1/8
  43. Rolling S, Poulsen S. Agenesis of permanent teeth in 8138 Danish schoolchildren: prevalence and intraoral distribution according to gender. Int J Paediatr Dent 2009;19:172-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2008.00958.x
  44. Chung CJ, Han JH, Kim KH. The pattern and prevalence of hypodontia in Koreans. Oral Dis 2008;14:620-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01434.x
  45. Zhang J, Liu HC, Lyu X, Shen GH, Deng XX, Li WR, et al. Prevalence of tooth agenesis in adolescent Chinese populations with or without orthodontics. Chin J Dent Res 2015;18:59-65.
  46. Al-Abdallah M. Prevalence and gender distribution of permanent tooth agenesis among Jordanian dental patients: a cross-sectional survey. Jordan Med J 2015;49:241-51. https://doi.org/10.12816/0028175
  47. Afify AR, Zawawi KH. The prevalence of dental anomalies in the Western region of Saudi Arabia. ISRN Dent 2012;2012:837270. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/837270
  48. Nik-Hussein NN. Hypodontia in the permanent dentition: a study of its prevalence in Malaysian children. Aust Orthod J 1989;11:93-5.
  49. Lombardo C, Barbato E, Leonardi R. Bilateral maxillary canines agenesis: a case report and a literature review. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2007;8:38-41.