References
- Boberg KM, Chapman RW, Hirschfield GM, Lohse AW, Manns MP, Schrumpf E; International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. Overlap syndromes: the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) position statement on a controversial issue. J Hepatol 2011;54:374-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2010.09.002
- Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D. Paediatric autoimmune liver disease. Arch Dis Child 2013;98:1012-7. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-303848
- Gregorio GV, Portmann B, Karani J, Harrison P, Donaldson PT, Vergani D, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis/sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome in childhood: a 16-year prospective study. Hepatology 2001;33:544-53. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2001.22131
- Abdalian R, Dhar P, Jhaveri K, Haider M, Guindi M, Heathcote EJ. Prevalence of sclerosing cholangitis in adults with autoimmune hepatitis: evaluating the role of routine magnetic resonance imaging. Hepatology 2008;47:949-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.22073
- Lewin M, Vilgrain V, Ozenne V, Lemoine M, Wendum D, Paradis V, et al. Prevalence of sclerosing cholangitis in adults with autoimmune hepatitis: a prospective magnetic resonance imaging and histological study. Hepatology 2009;50:528-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.23024
- Rodrigues AT, Liu PM, Fagundes ED, Queiroz TC, de Souza Haueisen Barbosa P, Silva SL, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognosis in children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis and overlap syndrome. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016;63:76-81. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001125
- Miloh T, Arnon R, Shneider B, Suchy F, Kerkar N. A retrospective single-center review of primary sclerosing cholangitis in children. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009;7:239-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2008.10.019
- Deneau M, Jensen MK, Holmen J, Williams MS, Book LS, Guthery SL. Primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and overlap in Utah children: epidemiology and natural history. Hepatology 2013;58:1392-400. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.26454
- Batres LA, Russo P, Mathews M, Piccoli DA, Chuang E, Ruchelli E. Primary sclerosing cholangitis in children: a histologic follow-up study. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2005;8:568-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10024-005-0020-0
- Feldstein AE, Perrault J, El-Youssif M, Lindor KD, Freese DK, Angulo P. Primary sclerosing cholangitis in children: a long-term follow-up study. Hepatology 2003;38:210-7.
- Manns MP, Czaja AJ, Gorham JD, Krawitt EL, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, et al. Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 2010;51:2193-213. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.23584
- European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical practice guidelines: autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 2015;63:971-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2015.06.030
- Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, Baumann U, Czubkowski P, Debray D, Dezsofi A, et al. Diagnosis and management of pediatric autoimmune liver disease: ESPGHAN Hepatology Committee position statement. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018;66:345-60. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001801
- Chavhan GB, Roberts E, Moineddin R, Babyn PS, Manson DE. Primary sclerosing cholangitis in children: utility of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Pediatr Radiol 2008;38:868-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-008-0918-6
- Hennes EM, Zeniya M, Czaja AJ, Pares A, Dalekos GN, Krawitt EL, et al. Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 2008;48:169-76. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.22322
- Roberts EA, Schilsky ML; American Association for Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). Diagnosis and treatment of Wilson disease: an update. Hepatology 2008;47:2089-111. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.22261
- Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R. Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 1973;60:646-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800600817
- Desmet VJ, Gerber M, Hoofnagle JH, Manns M, Scheuer PJ. Classification of chronic hepatitis: diagnosis, grading and staging. Hepatology 1994;19:1513-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840190629
- Bedossa P, Poynard T An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology 1996;24:289-93. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.1996.v24.pm0008690394
- Schramm C, Eaton J, Ringe KI, Venkatesh S, Yamamura J; MRI working group of the IPSCSG. Recommendations on the use of magnetic resonance imaging in PSC-A position statement from the International PSC Study Group. Hepatology 2017;66:1675-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.29293
- Berstad AE, Aabakken L, Smith HJ, Aasen S, Boberg KM, Schrumpf E. Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;4:514-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2005.10.007
- Dave M, Elmunzer BJ, Dwamena BA, Higgins PD. Primary sclerosing cholangitis: meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of MR cholangiopancreatography. Radiology 2010;256:387-96. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.10091953
- Rohrmann CA Jr, Ansel HJ, Ayoola EA, Silvis SE, Vennes JA. Endoscopic retrograde intrahepatic cholangiogram: radiographic findings in intrahepatic disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1977;128:45-52. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.128.1.45
- Czaja AJ, Carpenter HA. Autoimmune hepatitis with incidental histologic features of bile duct injury. Hepatology 2001;34(4 Pt 1):659-65. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2001.27562