Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Establishment and future tasks of estimated energy requirement in 2020 dietary reference intakes for Koreans

2020 한국인 에너지필요추정량 설정 및 앞으로의 과제

  • Kim, Eun-Kyung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Kim, Oh Yoen (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University) ;
  • Park, Jonghoon (Department of Physical Education, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, EunMi (Food Standard Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Juhyeon (Department of Hotel, Foodservice and Culinary Art, Dong Seoul University)
  • 김은경 (강릉원주대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김오연 (동아대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 박종훈 (고려대학교 체육교육학과) ;
  • 김은미 (한국식품연구원 식품표준연구센터) ;
  • 김주현 (동서울대학교 호텔조리외식과)
  • Received : 2021.11.18
  • Accepted : 2021.12.06
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

Energy requirement is defined as energy expenditure in an energy equilibrium state. The doubly labeled water (DLW) method is considered the gold standard for measuring total energy expenditure (TEE). In 2002, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academies established dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for Americans and Canadians, and the equations for estimated energy requirement (EER) were developed by using pooled data from studies that had applied the DLW method. Since 2005, these equations have been used for establishing EER in the DRI for Koreans. These equations based on age group include the physical activity (PA) coefficient determined by the PA level (PAL; sedentary, low active, active and very active) as well as body weight and height. The PAL values of Koreans calculated using the DLW method and PA diaries were determined to fall in the low active category (1.40~1.59). Therefore, the PA coefficient corresponding to 'low active' was applied to the EER equations. In recent years, with increasing number of people regularly engaging in various physical activities in Korea, EER is now separately presented for people with 'active' and 'very active' PALs. In the future, like the United States and Japan, Korea needs to expand the DLW research for developing EER predictive equations for Koreans. In addition, standardized guidelines should be prepared to accurately evaluate the PAL using the physical activity diary and the new PA classification table for Koreans.

일반적으로 에너지 필요량은 에너지 평형 상태에서의 에너지소비량으로 정의된다. 이중표식수법 (doubly labeled water, DLW)은 총에너지소비량 (total energy expenditure, TEE)을 측정하는 가장 정확한 방법으로 알려져 있다. 2002년, 미국 Institute of Medicine (IOM)은 미국인과 캐나다인을 위한 영양소 섭취기준 (dietary reference intakes, DRIs)을 제안하고, 이중표식수법 (DLW)을 이용한 연구결과들을 모아서 에너지필요추정량 (estimated energy requirement, EER) 산출식을 개발하였다. 2005년부터 한국인 영양소 섭취기준에서도 이 산출식을 이용하여 에너지필요추정량을 설정해왔다. 연령대를 기준으로 한 이 산출식에서는 체중과 신장뿐만 아니라 신체활동수준 (physical activity level, PAL)에 따른 (sedentary, low active, active, and very active) 신체활동계수 (physical activity, PA)가 적용되었다. 이중표식수법과 신체활동일기를 이용하여 산출한 한국인의 신체활동수준은 '저활동적' (1.40-1.59)에 해당되었으므로, '저활동적'에 해당하는 신체활동단계별 계수 (PA)가 에너지필요추정량 (EER) 산출식에 적용되었다. 최근 한국에서도 규칙적으로 다양한 신체활동을 하는 사람들이 증가하고 있어 '활동적 (active)'인 사람들과 '매우 활동적 (very active)'인 사람들을 위한 에너지필요추정량을 별도로 제시하였다. 앞으로 미국과 일본처럼, 한국에서도 이중표식수법 (DLW) 연구를 확대하여 한국인을 위한 에너지필요추정량 산출식이 개발되어야 한다. 또한 신체활동 일기와 새로운(한국인을 위한) 신체활동 분류표를 이용하여 신체활동수준 (PAL)을 정확하게 평가할 수 있는 표준화된 가이드라인을 마련해야한다.

Keywords

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