KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Possibility of Using Non-selective Herbicides as Desiccants for Improving Soybean Harvest Efficiency

콩 수확 효율 증진을 위한 건조제로서 비선택성 제초제의 활용 가능성

  • Won, Ok Jae (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hong, Seo yeon (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Suh, Eun Ji (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jae-Sung (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Hong Seok (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jin-Ki (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ryu, Jong-Soo (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Han, Won-Young (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Han, Kil Su (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Song, Duk Young (Crop Production Technology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 원옥재 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 홍서연 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 서은지 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 박재성 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 이홍석 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 박진기 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 류종수 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 한원영 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 한길수 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과) ;
  • 송득영 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 생산기술개발과)
  • Received : 2021.10.23
  • Accepted : 2021.11.18
  • Published : 2021.12.01
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Abstract

This study was conducted to select a desiccant and determine its concentration for safe usage to improve the harvesting efficiency of soybeans. Soybeans were treated with a desiccant (non-selective herbicide) before and after the maturation stage. The drying effect of the desiccant was higher at earlier treatment times than at the maturation stage, but the difference was not statistically significant. The higher efficacy might be related to the drying process of the leaves and stems, with most of the leaves and stems having already been dried by the time of hand harvesting. Desiccant treatments had no adverse effects on soybean yield, weight of 100 grains, seed quality, or seed germination rate compared with the untreated control. Pesticide residue analysis showed minimum residue concentration to be lower than the tolerance level of pesticide residues. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the desiccant was effective in drying soybean, and that there was no damage to the quality of soybean seeds. In addition to the drying effect, the dessicant treatment also facilitates the removal of weeds that interfere with the mechanical harvest and improves harvesting efficiency through the drying of the growth imbalanced individual. The desiccant treatment is expected to shorten the mechanical harvesting time by 1-2 weeks. It is thought that the selection of the proper cultivation period for other crops after soybean cultivation will be more advantageous.

본 연구에서는 콩 수확 효율 증진을 위한 건조제를 선발하기 위해 2019년부터 2020년까지 2년간 4종의 비선택성 제초제를 활용하여 건조제의 선발시험 및 지상부 건조와 약해 시험을 수행하였다. 1. 콩 수확기 건조제로 사용한 4종의 비선택성 제초제 모두 처리시기가 빠를수록 건조효과를 보이는 것으로 확인되었으나, 통계적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2년차 실험에서도 처리시기에 따른 건조효과를 확인하였으나, 통계적인 차이는 지역간 차이를 보였다. 이는 건조제가 콩 성숙기 전후에 처리하여 수확을 하였는데, 보통 성숙기 약 1~2주후면 예취 수확이 가능한 상태로 콩 잎이 대부분 떨어져 있으며, 줄기도 일정 부분 건조되어 있기 때문으로 무처리에서도 일정 수준 이상의 건조가 이루어지기 때문으로 보인다. 2. 건조제 처리에 따른 수확량의 감소는 보이지 않았으며, 100립중, 종실의 모양과 색변화, 수확된 종자의 발아율의 저하가 확인 되지 않아 약해가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 3. 건조제 처리에 따른 종실 내 잔류농약은 처리시기가 빠를수록 검출량이 증가하였으며, 시험약제 중 글루포시네이트암모늄의 검출량이 높았으며, 티아페나실이 보다 안전한 것을 확인하였다. 다만 콩 잔류농약허용치 이하의 값을 나타내 적용은 가능한 것으로 판단되었다. 4. 본 연구는 콩 건조제 처리로 기계수확을 1~2주 정도 단축시킬 것으로 보여 작부체계의 선택 폭을 넓히는데 기여할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 작물시험연구사업(과제번호: PJ01415401)의 지원에 의해 수행되었다.

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