Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (한국농림기상학회지)

Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (한국농림기상학회)
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Past, Present and Future of Geospatial Scheme based on Topo-Climatic Model and Digital Climate Map

소기후모형과 전자기후도를 기반으로 한 지리공간 도식의 과거, 현재 그리고 미래

  • Kim, Dae-Jun (National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2021.11.26
  • Accepted : 2021.12.30
  • Published : 2021.12.30
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Abstract

The geospatial schemes based on topo-climatology have been developed to produce digital climate maps at a site-specific scale. Their development processes are reviewed here to derive the needs for new schemes in the future. Agricultural and forestry villages in Korea are characterized by complexity and diversity in topography, which results in considerably large spatial variations in weather and climate over a small area. Hence, the data collected at a mesoscale through the Automated Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) are of limited use. The geospatial schemes have been developed to estimate climate conditions at a local scale, e.g., 30 m, lowering the barriers to deal with the processes associated with production in agricultural and forestry industries. Rapid enhancement of computing technologies allows for near real-time production of climate information at a high-resolution even in small catchment areas and the application to future climate change scenarios. Recent establishment of the early warning service for agricultural weather disasters can provide growth progress and disaster forecasts for cultivated crops on a farm basis. The early warning system is being expanded worldwide, requiring further advancement in geospatial schemes and digital climate mapping.

지형기후학을 기반으로 한 소기후모형은 전자기후도를 제작하기 위해 개발되었고 농림업 현장의 농장단위로 적용이 가능한 고해상도 규모로 발전하였다. 본 총설에서는 이러한 소기후모형의 미래 발전방향을 제시하고자, 그동안의 개발 및 발전과정을 다시 조망하였다. 우리나라 농산촌의 특징은 지형이 복잡 다양하며, 소규모로 구성되어 있어 기상과 기후의 공간적인 변이가 크다. 식물의 생육을 지배하는 농림기후는 공간 규모에서 소기후로 분류되어, 중규모인 기상청 종관기상관측(ASOS) 정보만으로는 활용이 제한된다. 이에 농림업에서 활용 가능한 기후정보를 효과적으로 모의하기 위해 소기후모형이 개발되고 발전되어 왔다. 작은 집수역을 대상으로 연구된 전자기후도는 전산처리 기술의 발전과 더불어 전국 범위의 고해상도 분포도 제작이 가능하게 되었으며, 과거 평년뿐 아니라, 미래 기후변화 시나리오, 나아가 실황과 예보자료를 실시간으로 처리하는 데 이르렀다. 최종적으로 상세화된 기상예보를 바탕으로 농장 단위로 재배작물의 생육진행과 재해예보를 제공할 수 있는 농업기상재해 조기경보서비스로 완성되었다. 기후위기 시대에 재해로 인한 피해를 경감하기 위해 세계적으로 조기경보시스템의 확대를 추진하고 있는 바, 진보된 소기후모형을 적용한 농업기상재해 조기경보서비스는 기술발전을 통해 적용대상 지역을 확대해 나아가야 할 것이다. 조기경보서비스가 디지털 기반의 지속가능한 농림생태-사회시스템에 기여하는 핵심 기술이 되기 위해서는, 실측 기반의 다양한 검보정 자료가 구축되어 적용되어야 하며, 사용자들과 농림업 현장의 목소리를 반영하여 지속가능발전의 패러다임을 담아내는 유기적인 플랫폼이 되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업과학기술 연구개발사업(과제번호: PJ014879042021)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 것임.

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