Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems (한국산업정보학회논문지)

Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems (한국산업정보학회)
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Crisis Communication on Social Media during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Facebook and YouTube

코로나19 상황에서의 소셜미디어를 활용한 위기 커뮤니케이션: 주요국의 페이스북 및 유튜브 활용 비교

  • 김소희 (동아대학교 경영정보학과) ;
  • 김동연 (동아대학교 경영정보학과) ;
  • 류민호 (동아대학교 경영정보학과)
  • Received : 2021.08.04
  • Accepted : 2021.10.16
  • Published : 2021.12.30
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Abstract

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2019, the pandemic has been prolonged. This study compares and analyzes the degree of social media usage, the information type of posts (infectious disease information, promote action, psychological communication), and the level of user engagement in conducting crisis communication by country. We conduct text analysis by collecting information on Facebook and YouTube posts from January 2020 to March 2021 of disease control and prevention agencies in Korea, US, UK, and EU. As a result, the use of social media in Korea and US is higher than of the UK and EU, and all four countries are using social media as a means to provide infectious disease information and to promote action. Although social media can be a means to reach the public psychologically, such as sympathy and respect, there are no posts of psychological communication type on social media in countries other than the US. User engagement with posts is highest in the promotion action type. This study can help define the importance and role of social media in establishing an infectious disease crisis communication strategy.

2019년 코로나19(COVID-19) 발생 이후 팬데믹이 장기화되고 있다. 본 연구는 국가별로 코로나19 관련 위기 커뮤니케이션을 위해 소셜미디어를 어떻게 활용하는지를 분석하고, 게시글의 유형(감염병 정보, 행동지침, 심리적 소통)에 따른 이용자 반응(Engagement) 수준을 비교 분석한다. 이를 위해, 2020년 1월부터 2021년 3월까지 한국, 미국, 영국, EU 4개국 감염병 관리 기관의 페이스북과 유튜브의 게시물 정보를 수집하여 텍스트 분석을 시행하였다. 분석 결과, 한국과 미국의 소셜미디어 활용도가 영국과 EU에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 4개국 모두 소셜미디어를 감염병 정보 제공과 행동지침을 전달하는 수단으로 활용하고 있었다. 소셜미디어의 특성상 단순한 정보 전달을 넘어, 상황에 대한 교감과 위로 등 대중에게 심리적으로 다가갈 수 있는 수단이 될 수 있음에도 불구하고, 미국을 제외한 대부분 국가의 소셜미디어에서 심리적 소통 유형의 게시글을 찾아볼 수 없었다. 게시글에 대한 이용자 반응은 행동지침 유형에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 감염병 위기 커뮤니케이션 전략을 수립한다는 점에서 소셜미디어의 중요성과 역할을 정의하는 데 도움이 될 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 동아대학교 교내 연구과제 지원을 받아 수행됨

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