Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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A Study on the Emergence Period and Geographic Distribution of Cicadinae (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Korea Using Bioacoustic Detection Technique

생물음향 탐지기법을 이용한 한국 매미아과의 출현 시기 및 서식지 분포 특성 연구

  • Kim, Yoon-Jae (Industry Academy Cooperation Foundation of Sangji Univ.) ;
  • Ki, Kyong-Seok (Dept. of Environmental Science and Landscape Architecture, Sangji Univ.)
  • 김윤재 (상지대학교 산학협력지원부) ;
  • 기경석 (상지대학교 환경조경학과)
  • Received : 2021.11.11
  • Accepted : 2021.12.06
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to observe the period of mating calls of cicadas in South Korea to identify the emergence period and geographic distribution for each cicada species. The study sites were 19 protection areas nationwide. The mating calls of cicadas were collected over the 12 months of 2019. A bioacoustics measuring device was installed to record the mating calls of cicadas in WAV, 44,100Hz format for 1 minute every hour. The temperature was recorded once or twice every hour using a micro-meteorological measuring device. Nine species of Korean cicadinae were studied. The start and end periods of mating calls were recorded for each cicada species for the subsequent analysis. The analysis results showed that nine cicada species appeared in the 19 protection areas. The chronological order of mating call periods for each species was as follows: Cryptotympana atrata (7/12 - 9/30), Meimuna opalifera (7/27 - 10/20), Hyalessa fuscata (7/25 - 10/9), Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata (7/28 - 9/5), Platypleura kaempferi (7/3 - 9/29), Suisha coreana (9/14 - 10/30), Leptosemia takanonis (6/26 - 8/2), Auritibicen intermedius (7/27 - 9/28), and Meimuna mongolica (8/8 - 9/11). The mating call period was between 35 (Meimuna mongolica) and 89 (Platypleura kaempferi) days, with the average being 62 days. The elevation above sea level for the habitats of each species was as follows: 5 - 386 m for Cryptotympana atrata, 7 - 759 m for Meimuna opalifera, 7 - 967 m for Hyalessa fuscata, 42 - 700m for Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata, 7 - 700 m for Platypleura kaempferi, 5 - 759 m for Suisha coreana, 7 - 759 m for Leptosemia takanonis, 397 - 967 m for Auritibicen intermedius, and 7 - 42 m for Meimuna mongolica. The average temperature of the habitats of each species was as follows: 23.9℃ for Cryptotympana atrata, 21.8℃ for Meimuna opalifera, 22℃ for Hyalessa fuscata, 23℃ for Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata, 22.9℃ for Platypleura kaempferi, 14.6℃ for Suisha coreana, 20.6℃ for Leptosemia takanonis, 19.3℃ for Auritibicen intermedius, and 24.4℃ for Meimuna mongolica. In terms of the habitat distribution of species, Meimuna opalifera, Hyalessa fuscata, and Platypleura kaempferi were distributed in more than 15 protection sites. Cryptotympana atrata was distributed in the lowlands in the southwest. Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata was distributed in the western area of the Korean Peninsula. Suisha coreana was distributed in areas excluding high mountain areas and parts of the southeast area. Leptosemia takanonis was distributed in areas near the mountains. Auritibicen intermedius was distributed locally in the high mountain areas. Meimuna mongolica was distributed locally in flat wetlands.

본 연구는 국내 매미아과를 대상으로 번식울음 시기를 전국적으로 관측하여 종별 출현 시기 및 서식지 분포 특성을 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상지는 전국 보호지역 19개소이었다. 매미 번식울음 수집기간은 2019년 12개월간이었다. 매미 번식울음 녹음은 매시간당 1분씩 WAV, 44,100Hz 포맷으로 생물음향 측정장비를 설치하여 녹음하였다. 온도는 미기상 측정장비를 이용하여 시간당 1~2회씩 기록하였다. 연구대상종은 국내 매미아과 9종이었다. 번식울음 분석은 매미종별 번식울음 시종점을 기록하였다. 분석 결과, 연구대상지 19개소에서 출현한 매미는 9종이었다. 종별 번식울음 시기는 말매미(7/12~9/30), 애매미(7/27~10/20), 참매미(7/25~10/9), 유지매미(7/28~9/5), 털매미(7/3~9/29), 늦털매미(9/14~10/30), 소요산매미(6/26~8/2), 참깽깽매미(7/27~9/28), 쓰름매미(8/8~9/11) 순이었다. 종별 번식울음 기간은 35일(쓰름매미)~89일(털매미) 사이었고 평균 62일이었다. 종별 서식지 해발고도는 말매미(5~386m), 애매미(7~759m), 참매미(7~967m), 유지매미(42~700m), 털매미(7~700m), 늦털매미(5~759m), 소요산매미(7~759m), 참깽깽매미(397~967m), 쓰름매미(7~42m) 순이었다. 종별 서식지 평균온도는 말매미(23.9℃), 애매미(21.8℃), 참매미(22℃), 유지매미(23℃), 털매미(22.9℃), 늦털매미(14.6℃), 소요산매미(20.6℃), 참깽깽매미(19.3℃), 쓰름매미(24.4℃) 순이었다. 종별 서식지 분포는 애매미, 참매미, 털매미는 전국 15개소 이상 분포하였다. 말매미는 서남부 저지대에 분포하였다. 유지매미는 한반도 서부 지역에 분포하였다. 늦털매미는 고산지대와 동남부 일부를 제외한 지역에 분포하였다. 소요산매미는 산지에 가까운 지역에 분포하였다. 참깽깽매미는 고산지대에 국지적으로 분포하였다. 쓰름매미는 평지형 습지에 국지적으로 분포하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 한국연구재단의 연구비 지원(2020R1I1A207189112) 및 국립공원공단, 지방유역환경청의 연구승인 하에 의해 진행하였음.

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