Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Red Ginseng Marc, Mineral and Black Sugar® Supplementation on the Production of Holstein Steers (Bos taurus)

홍삼박, 무기물® 및 흑설탕® 첨가 급여가 Holstein 거세 비육우 생산성에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Sang Moo (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National Universit)
  • Received : 2021.12.08
  • Accepted : 2021.12.12
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of a dietary addition of red ginseng marc, mineral® and black sugar® on the dry matter intake, daily gain, yield grade and quality grade of Holstein steers(Bos taurus). A total of 32 fattening Holstein steers(avg. BW 590kg) were assigned to four treatments which included a control diet(mixed concentrate and forage; namely, C) and three treatments diet(T1; control diet+red ginseng marc 200g, T2; control diet+red ginseng marc 100g+mineral 50g, T3; control diet+mineral 50g+ black sugar 20g). The results are summarized as follows; the total feed intake and daily feed intake were significantly(p<0.05) higher in T2 and T3 than in the other two treatments(C and T1). The daily gain was higher in T2 than in the other treatments, but there was no significant difference. The back fat thickness, longissimus muscle area and meat yield grade were no significant difference. The marbling score showed significantly(p<0.05) higher in order of T3(4.5) > T1(4.0) > T2(2.7) > C(2.5). The meat color, fat color, texture and maturity were no significant difference. The quality grade was higher in T3 than in the other treatments(C, T1 and T2), but there was no significant difference. T3, which numerically had a higher daily gain and carcass quality grade, showed higher economic efficiency, whereas C showed low economic efficiency. Based on the above results, T3 treatment compared to the other treatments improved the daily gain, carcass quality grade and economic efficiency.

본 실험은 Holstein 비육후기에 홍삼박, 광물질 및 설탕을 첨가 급여하여 건물채식량, 일당증체량, 육질특성 및 경제성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 수행하였다. 시험구는 4처리로서 홍삼박, 광물질 및 흑설탕을 급여하지 않는 처리구를 대조구(C), 홍삼박 200g 첨가 급여 구는 T1, 홍삼박 100g과 광물질 50g 첨가 급여구는 T2 그리고 광물질 50g과 흑설탕 20g 첨가 급여한 구를 T3로 나누어 실시하였다. 그리고 본 실험에서 얻어진 결과를 요약해 보면 다음과 같다. 총 사료섭취량 및 1일 채식량은 T2 및 T3구가 C구에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 또한 채식량이 많았던 T2 및 T3구에서 총 증체량 및 일당 증체량이 높게 나타났지만 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 사료 요구율은 C구가 다른 구(T1, T2, T3)에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났지만(p<0.05), T1, T2 및 T3 구간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 등지방두께, 등심단면적 및 육량등급은 처리구 상호간 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 근내 지방은 T3(4.5) > T1(4.0) > T2(2.7) > C(2.5)구순으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 그러나 육색, 지방색, 조직감 및 성숙도는 상호 처리 간 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 육질등급은 상호 처리 간 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았지만 T3 > T1 > T2 > C 순으로 높은 경향을 보였다. 경제적 조수익성은 T3 > T1 > T2 > C구순으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 배합사료와 조사료 만 급여하는 체계(C) 보다는 홍삼박, 광물질 및 흑설탕을 첨가 급여(T1, T2, T3)하는 체계가 도체등급 및 수익성 증대에 유리하며, 특히 증체량, 육질등급 및 경제성을 고려하였을 때 T3구가 가장 좋은 급여체계로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bhattachary, S.K. and Mirata, S.K. 1994. Antioxidant activity of Panax ginseng roots: man experimental study. Journal of Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 34:87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(91)90193-H
  2. Cho, W.M., Peak, B.H., Kang, S.W., Kim, J.S. and Kim, Y.K. 2001. Effects of dietary supplements of clay minerals on the growth performance and immunity in growing Hanwoo steers. Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 43(2):203-210.
  3. DeVries, T.J. and Gill, R.M. 2012. Adding liquid feed to a total mixed ration reduces feed sorting behavior and improves productivity of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 95:2648-2655. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4965
  4. Emanuele, S.M. 2004. Sugar in diets for dairy cows. Proceedings of 65th Minnesota nutrition Conference, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota. p. 241.
  5. Hamid, M.M.A., Moon, J.B., Yoo, D.Y., Kim, H.B., Lee, Y.K., Song, J.Y. and Seo, J.Y. 2020. Rumen fermentation, methane production, and microbial composition following in vitro evaluation of red ginseng byproduct as a protein source. Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 62(6):801-811. https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2020.62.6.801
  6. Hoover, W.H., Tucker, C., Harris, J., Sniffen, C.J. and De Ondarza, M.B. 2006. Effects of nonstructural carbohydrate level and starch: sugar ratio on microbial metabolism in continuous culture of rumen contents. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 128:307-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.11.011
  7. Jacques, K.A., Axe, D.E., Haris, T.R., Harmon, D.L., Bolsen, K.K. and Johnson, D.E. 1986. Effect of sodium bicarbonate and sodium bentonite on digestion solid and liquid flow and ruminal fermentation characteristics of forage sorghum silage based diets fed to steer. Journal of Animal Science. 70:1391.
  8. Kang, S.W., Kim, J.S., Cho, W.M., Chung, H.Y., Ki, K.S. and Choi, S.B. 2002. Effect of red clay(Hwangto) on growth performance and carcass characteristics in growth fattening Hanwoo steers. Korean Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 44(3):315-326. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2002.44.3.315
  9. Kim, B.K., Hwang, I.U., Kang, S.S., Shin, S.H., Woo, S.C. and Kim, Y.J. 2002. Effect of dietary ginseng, Dioscorea japonica and oriental medicine refuse on productivity of Korean native chicken. Korean Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 44:297-304. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2002.44.3.297
  10. Kim, D.C. and In, M.J. 2013. Potential of red ginseng marc for ethanol production as a fermentation medium. Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry. 56(4):245-247. https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2013.039
  11. Kim, K.S. and Lee, S.M. 2014. 2014. Effects of black sugar and mineral supplementation on growth performance and meat quality of Hanwoo steers in fattening period. Journal of the Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 34(3):202-208. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2014.34.3.202
  12. Kim, Y.J. 2014. Effects of dietary supplementation of red ginseng mare and Korean mistletoe powder on performance and meat quality of broiler chicken. Korean Journal of Poultry Science. 41(3):197-204. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2014.41.3.197
  13. Lee, M.R.F., Merry, R.J., Davier, D.R., Moorby, J.M., Humphreys, M.O., Theorou, M.K., MacRae, J.C. and Scollan, N.D. 2003. Effect of increasing availability of water soluble carbohydrates on in vitro rumen fermentation. Animal Feed Science Technology. 104:59-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(02)00319-X
  14. Lee, S.D., Yoo, G., Chae, H.J., In, M.J., Oh, N.S., Hwang, Y.K. and Kim, D.C. 2009. Lipid-soluble extracts as the main source of anticancer activity in ginseng and ginseng Marc. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society. 86:1065-1071. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-009-1460-x
  15. Lee, W. and Do, J.H. 2002. Extraction condition of acidic polysaccharide from Korean red ginseng marc. Journal of Ginseng Research. 26:202-205. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2002.26.4.202
  16. Sannes, R.A., Messman, M.A. and Vagnone, D.B. 2002. Form of rumen-degradable carbohydrate and nitrogen on microbial protein synthesis and protein efficiency in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 85:900-908. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74148-9
  17. Seibet, G.D. 1978. Digestibility and rate of passage of sugar cane bagasse rations containing different sources of readily digestible carbohydrates. Master's Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville. pp. 5-10.
  18. Shon, M.Y., Choi, S.Y., Chi, H.S. and Sung, N.J. 2004. Effects of cereal and red ginseng flour on blood glucose and lipid level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Korean Society Food Science Nutrition. 33:1463-1468. https://doi.org/10.3746/JKFN.2004.33.9.1463
  19. Tark, K., Cho, K., Park, K.H., Son, S.M. and Chae, H.J. 2009. Optimization of extraction conditions for polysaccharide using red ginseng marc. Journal of Ginseng Research. 23:337-342.