Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Visualizing the distributions and spatiotemporal changes of metabolites in Panax notoginseng by MALDI mass spectrometry imaging

  • Sun, Chenglong (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)) ;
  • Ma, Shuangshuang (Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)) ;
  • Li, Lili (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)) ;
  • Wang, Daijie (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)) ;
  • Liu, Wei (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)) ;
  • Liu, Feng (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)) ;
  • Guo, Lanping (Resource Center of Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences) ;
  • Wang, Xiao (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences))
  • Received : 2020.09.09
  • Accepted : 2021.04.02
  • Published : 2021.11.15
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Abstract

Background: Panax notoginseng is a highly valued medicinal herb used widely in China and many Asian countries. Its root and rhizome have long been used for the treatment of cardiovascular and hematological diseases. Imaging the spatial distributions and dynamics of metabolites in heterogeneous plant tissues is significant for characterizing the metabolic networks of Panax notoginseng, and this will also provide a highly informative approach to understand the complex molecular changes in the processing of Panax notoginseng. Methods: Here, a high-sensitive MALDI-MS imaging method was developed and adopted to visualize the spatial distributions and spatiotemporal changes of metabolites in different botanical parts of Panax notoginseng. Results: A wide spectrum of metabolites including notoginsenosides, ginsenosides, amino acids, dencichine, gluconic acid, and low-molecular-weight organic acids were imaged in Panax notoginseng rhizome and root tissues for the first time. Moreover, the spatiotemporal alterations of metabolites during the steaming of Panax notoginseng root were also characterized in this study. And, a series of metabolites such as dencichine, arginine and glutamine that changed with the steaming of Panax notoginseng were successfully screened out and imaged. Conclusion: These spatially-resolved metabolite data not only enhance our understanding of the Panax notoginseng metabolic networks, but also provide direct evidence that a serious of metabolic alterations occurred during the steaming of Panax notoginseng.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province, China; the financial support of the key project at the central government level: The Ability Establishment of Sustainable Use for Valuable Chinese Medicine Resources, China (2060302); the National Natural Science Foundation of China, China (21904080); Science, Education and Industry Integration Innovation Pilot Project (International Cooperation Project) from Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), China (2020KJC-GH08); and the Major Innovation Project of Shandong Biotechnology Technology Innovation Center, China (2019JSWGCCXZX001).

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