Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research (대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지)

The Korean Society of Medical and Biological Engineering (대한의용생체공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison and Evaluation of Non-invasive and Non-pharmacological Methods for Relieving Motion Sickness (MS)

멀미 완화를 위한 비침습적 및 비약리적 방법 비교 및 평가

  • Received : 2021.06.02
  • Accepted : 2021.10.05
  • Published : 2021.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a way to alleviate motion sickness(MS) by stimulating acupoint through PEMFs, and to assess the effectiveness of PEMFs against stimulation previously used to stimulate acupoint using biosignal evaluations and surveys. Materials and Methods: Thirteen healthy men participated in the experiment. MS was induced in the participants, and MS relief stimulation was applied for 30 minutes. There were 4 types of MS relief stimulation, and Sham, Reliefband, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS), and Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulation(PEMFs) were used. The biosignals were measured during 30 minutes of applying MS relief stimulation, and the symptoms of MS were evaluated through a questionnaire survey. The measured biosignals are Electrocardiogram(ECG), Electrodermal activity(EDA), Respiration, Skin temperature(SKT), and Electrogastrogram(EGG). A one-way ANOVA test was performed for the rate of change by stimulation for MS relief over time. Results: Participants who were stimulated had a sharp decrease in MS symptoms. Biosignals were analyzed to evaluate autonomic nervous system activity, and the parasympathetic nervous system could be activated through stimulation. Conclusion: TENS and PEMFs were more effective in relieving MS symptoms than Reliefband. It is believed that PEMFs will be effective in consideration of the comfort of participants to be applied to actual vehicles, and studies to further verify the effects of PEMFs on MS should be conducted.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 (주)현대자동차의 지원을 받아 수행하였음.

References

  1. Schmal F. Neuronal mechanisms and the treatment of motion sickness, Pharmacology. 2013;91(3-4):229-241. https://doi.org/10.1159/000350185
  2. Golding J. Motion sickness, Handbook of clinical neurology. 2016;137:371-390.
  3. Griffin MJ, Mills KL. Effect of frequency and direction of horizontal oscillation on motion sickness, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. 2002;73(6):537-543.
  4. Money K, Motion sickness, Physiological reviews. 1970;50(1):1-39. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1970.50.1.1
  5. Dungs J, Herrmann F, Duwe D, Schmidt A, Stegmuller S, Gaydoul R, Peters P, Sohl M. The Value of Time: Nutzerbezogene Service-Potenziale Durch Autonomes Fahren, Fraunhofer-Institut fur Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation IAO, Horvath & Partners: Stuttgart, Germany (2016).
  6. Yang Y, Klinkner JN, Bengler K. How will the driver sit in an automated vehicle?-The qualitative and quantitative descriptions of non-driving postures (NDPs) when non-driving-related-tasks (NDRTs) are conducted, Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Springer, 2018;409-420.
  7. Diels C, Bos JE, Self-driving carsickness, Applied ergonomics. 2016;53:374-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.09.009
  8. Lackner J, DiZio P. Gravitational, inertial, and Coriolis force influences on nystagmus, motion sickness, and perceived head trajectory, The head-neck sensory-motor symposium, Oxford University Press: NY, 1992;216-222.
  9. Karjanto J, Yusof NM, Wang C, Terken J, Delbressine F, Rauterberg M. The effect of peripheral visual feedforward system in enhancing situation awareness and mitigating motion sickness in fully automated driving, Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour. 2018;58:678-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.06.046
  10. Kato K, Kitazaki S. Improvement of ease of viewing images on an in-vehicle display and reduction of carsickness, SAE Technical Paper, 2008.
  11. Sivak M, Schoettle B. Motion sickness in self-driving vehicles, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Transportation Research Institute, 2015.
  12. Wada T. Motion sickness in automated vehicles, In Advanced Vehicle Control: Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Advanced Vehicle Control (AVEC'16), 2016;169-174.
  13. Muhlbacher D, Tomzig M, Reinmuller K, Rittger L. Methodological considerations concerning motion sickness investigations during automated driving, Information. 2020;11(5):265. https://doi.org/10.3390/info11050265
  14. Gresty MA, Golding JF, Le H, Nightingale K. Cognitive impairment by spatial disorientation, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. 2008;79(2):105-111. https://doi.org/10.3357/ASEM.2143.2008
  15. Chu H, Li M-H, Juan S-H, Chiou W-Y. Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on motion sickness induced by rotary chair: a crossover study, The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2012;18(5):494-500. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2011.0366
  16. Cai Y-L, Wang J-Q, Chen X-M, Li H-X, Li M, Guo J-S, Decreased Fos protein expression in rat caudal vestibular nucleus is associated with motion sickness habituation, Neuroscience letters. 2010;480(1)87-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2010.06.011
  17. Wilpizeski CR, Lowry LD, Miller R. Intensification and habituation of experimental motion sickness in squirrel monkeys by repeated horizontal rotation, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 1986;94(5):628-632. https://doi.org/10.1177/019459988609400517
  18. Hu S, Stern RM. The retention of adaptation to motion sickness eliciting stimulation, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. 1999;70(8):766-768.
  19. Dai M, Raphan T, Cohen B. Prolonged reduction of motion sickness sensitivity by visual-vestibular interaction, Experimental brain research. 2011;210(3-4):503-513. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2548-8
  20. Stroud KJ, Harm DL, Klaus DM, Preflight virtual reality training as a countermeasure for space motion sickness and disorientation, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. 2005;76(4):352-356.
  21. Griffin MJ, Newman MM. Visual field effects on motion sickness in cars, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. 2004;75(9):739-748.
  22. Tal D, Gonen A, Wiener G, Bar R, Gil A, Nachum Z, Shupak A. Artificial horizon effects on motion sickness and performance, Otology & Neurotology. 2012;33(5):878-885. https://doi.org/10.1097/mao.0b013e318255ddab
  23. Brainard A, Gresham C. Prevention and treatment of motion sickness, American family physician. 2014;90(1):41-46.
  24. Russell MEB, Hoffman B, Stromberg S, Carlson CR. Use of controlled diaphragmatic breathing for the management of motion sickness in a virtual reality environment, Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback. 2014;39(3-4):269-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-014-9265-6
  25. Stromberg SE, Russell ME, Carlson CR. Diaphragmatic breathing and its effectiveness for the management of motion sickness, Aerospace medicine and human performance. 2015;86(5):452-457. https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.4152.2015
  26. Keshavarz B, Hecht H. Pleasant music as a countermeasure against visually induced motion sickness, Applied ergonomics. 2014;45(3):521-527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2013.07.009
  27. Keshavarz B, Stelzmann D, Paillard A, Hecht H. Visually induced motion sickness can be alleviated by pleasant odors, Experimental brain research. 2015;233(5):1353-1364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4209-9
  28. Wang B, Tang J, White PF, Naruse R, Sloninsky A, Kariger R, Gold J, Wender RH. Effect of the intensity of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation on the postoperative analgesic requirement, Anesthesia & Analgesia. 1997;85(2):406-413. https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199708000-00029
  29. White A, Hayhoe S, Hart A, Ernst E, BMas VF. AACP, Survey of adverse events following acupuncture (SAFA): a prospective study of 32,000 consultations, Acupuncture in Medicine. 2001;19(2):84-92. https://doi.org/10.1136/aim.19.2.84
  30. Wibirama S, Hamamoto K. Investigation of visually induced motion sickness in dynamic 3D contents based on subjective judgment, heart rate variability, and depth gaze behavior, 2014 36th annual international conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine and biology society, IEEE, 2014;4803-4806.
  31. Yokota Y, Aoki M, Mizuta K, Ito Y, Isu N. Motion sickness susceptibility associated with visually induced postural instability and cardiac autonomic responses in healthy subjects, Acta oto-laryngologica. 2005;125(3):280-285. https://doi.org/10.1080/00016480510003192
  32. Cowings PS, Naifeh KH, Toscano WB. The stability of individual patterns of autonomic responses to motion sickness stimulation, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 1990.
  33. Cowings PS, Suter S, Toscano WB, Kamiya J, Naifeh K. General autonomic components of motion sickness, Psychophysiology. 1986;23(5):542-551. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00671.x
  34. Sakatani K, Kitagawa T, Aoyama N, Sasaki M. Effects of acupuncture on autonomic nervous function and prefrontal cortex activity, Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXI, Springer 2010;455-460.
  35. Stein C, Dal Lago P, Ferreira JB, Casali KR, Plentz RDM. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at different frequencies on heart rate variability in healthy subjects, Autonomic Neuroscience. 2011;165(2):205-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2011.07.003
  36. Lee NR, Kim SB, Heo H, Lee YH. Comparison of the effects of manual acupuncture, laser acupuncture, and electromagnetic field stimulation at acupuncture point BL15 on heart rate variability, Journal of acupuncture and meridian studies. 2016;9(5):257-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jams.2016.06.002
  37. Pilla AA. Nonthermal electromagnetic fields: from first messenger to therapeutic applications, Electromagnetic biology and medicine. 2013;32(2):123-136. https://doi.org/10.3109/15368378.2013.776335
  38. Collacott EA, Zimmerman JT, White DW, Rindone JP. Bipolar permanent magnets for the treatment of chronic low back pain: a pilot study, Jama. 2000;283(10):1322-1325. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.283.10.1322
  39. Trock DH. Electromagnetic fields and magnets: investigational treatment for musculoskeletal disorders, Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America. 2000;26(1):51-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-857x(05)70119-8
  40. Reason JT, Brand JJ. Motion sickness, Academic press 1975.
  41. Isu N, Hasegawa T, Takeuchi I, Morimoto A. Quantitative analysis of time-course development of motion sickness caused by in-vehicle video watching, Displays. 2014;35(2):90-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2014.01.003
  42. Matsangas P, McCauley ME, Becker W. The effect of mild motion sickness and sopite syndrome on multitasking cognitive performance, Human factors. 2014;56(6):124-1135.
  43. Shattuck NL, Shattuck LG, Smith K, Matsangas P. Changes in reaction times and executive decision-making following exposure to waterborne motion, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, SAGE Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA, 2013;1987-1991.
  44. Golding JF. Predicting individual differences in motion sickness susceptibility by questionnaire, Personality and Individual differences. 2006;41(2):237-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.01.012
  45. Charlton E. Ethical guidelines for pain research in humans. Committee on Ethical Issues of the International Association for the Study of Pain, Pain. 1995;63(3):277-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(95)90040-3
  46. Yin J, Chen JD. Electrogastrography: methodology, validation and applications, Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility. 2013;19(1):5. https://doi.org/10.5056/jnm.2013.19.1.5
  47. Golding JF, Kerguelen M. A comparison of the nauseogenic potential of low-frequency vertical versus horizontal linear oscillation, Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 1992.
  48. Forstberg J. Ride comfort and motion sickness in tilting trains, Institutionen for farkostteknik, 2000.
  49. Kennedy RS, Lane NE, Berbaum KS, Lilienthal MG. Simulator sickness questionnaire: An enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness, The international journal of aviation psychology. 1993;3(3):203-220. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327108ijap0303_3
  50. Antal A, Alekseichuk I, Bikson M, Brockmoller J, Brunoni A, Chen R, Cohen L, Dowthwaite G, Ellrich J, Floel A. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines, Clinical Neurophysiology. 2017;128(9):1774-1809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2017.06.001
  51. PLUX Wireless Biosignals S.A.: 'Biosignalsplux user manual'. https://biosignalsplux.com/downloads/docs/manuals/biosignalsplux_User_Manual.pdf.
  52. Heinisch JS, Hubener I, David K. The Impact of Physical Activities on the Physiological Response to Emotions, 2018 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops), IEEE, 2018;824-829.
  53. Pan J, Tompkins WJ. A real-time QRS detection algorithm, IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering. 1985;(3):230-236.
  54. Camm AJ, Malik M, Bigger JT, Breithardt G, Cerutti S, Cohen RJ, Coumel P, Fallen EL, Kennedy HL, Kleiger R. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology, 1996.
  55. Posada-Quintero HF, Florian JP, Orjuela-Canon AD, AljamaCorrales T, Charleston-Villalobos S, Chon KH. Power spectral density analysis of electrodermal activity for sympathetic function assessment, Annals of biomedical engineering. 2016;44(10):3124-3135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-016-1606-6
  56. Critchley HD. Electrodermal responses: what happens in the brain, The Neuroscientist. 2002;8(2):132-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/107385840200800209
  57. Freeman R, Chapleau MW. Testing the autonomic nervous system, Handbook of clinical neurology. 2013;115:115-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-52902-2.00007-2
  58. Blazquez A, Martinez-Nicolas A, Salazar F, Rol M, Madrid J. Wrist skin temperature, motor activity, and body position as determinants of the circadian pattern of blood pressure, Chronobiology international. 2012;29(6):747-756. https://doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2012.679328
  59. Komorowski D, Pietraszek S, Tkacz E, Provaznik I. The extraction of the new components from electrogastrogram (EGG), using both adaptive filtering and electrocardiographic (ECG) derived respiration signal, Biomedical engineering online. 2015;14(1):1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-14-1
  60. Dennison MS, Wisti AZ, D'Zmura M. Use of physiological signals to predict cybersickness, Displays. 2016;44:42-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2016.07.002
  61. Focks C, E-book-atlas of acupuncture, Elsevier Health Sciences, 2008.
  62. Lim S. WHO standard acupuncture point locations, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2010;7.
  63. 510(k) SUMMARY K182960 ReliefBand 2.0. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf18/K182960.pdf.
  64. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS). https://electrostimulateurs-manuels.fr/fichiers/publications/Transcutaneous-Electrical-Nerve-Stimulation/transcutaneous-nerve-stimulation.pdf.
  65. Johnson MI, Tabasam G. An investigation into the analgesic effects of interferential currents and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on experimentally induced ischemic pain in otherwise pain-free volunteers, Physical Therapy. 2003;83(3):208-223. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/83.3.208
  66. Eccles NK. A critical review of randomized controlled trials of static magnets for pain relief, Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 2005;11(3):495-509. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2005.11.495
  67. Kim S-B, Kim J-Y, Park S-W, Lee N-R, Lee S-W, Kim Y-H, Lee Y-H. Comparison of 2 methods of non-invasive treatment between transcutaneous electrical stimulation and pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation as replacement of invasive manual acupuncture, Acupuncture & electro-therapeutics research. 2013;37(4):247-261. https://doi.org/10.3727/036012912X13831831256294
  68. Kitney R, Rompelman O. The study of heart-rate variability, Oxford University Press, USA. 1980.
  69. Mackersie CL, Calderon-Moultrie N. Autonomic nervous system reactivity during speech repetition tasks: Heart rate variability and skin conductance, Ear and Hearing 37 (2016) 118S-125S.
  70. Richter M, Wright RA. Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS).
  71. Richter M, Wright RA. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS), Encyclopedia of behavioral medicine. 2013;1943-1944.
  72. Benedek M, Kaernbach C. A continuous measure of phasic electrodermal activity, Journal of neuroscience methods. 2010;190(1):80-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.04.028
  73. Ellaway P, Kuppuswamy A, Nicotra A, Mathias C, Sweat production and the sympathetic skin response: Improving the clinical assessment of autonomic function, Autonomic Neuroscience. 2010;155(1-2):109-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2010.01.008
  74. Healey JA, Picard RW., Detecting stress during real-world driving tasks using physiological sensors, IEEE Transactions on intelligent transportation systems. 2005;6(2):156-166. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2005.848368
  75. Illigens BM, Gibbons CH. Sweat testing to evaluate autonomic function, Clinical Autonomic Research. 2009;19(2):79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-008-0506-8
  76. Setz C, Arnrich B, Schumm J, La Marca R, Troster G, Ehlert U. Discriminating stress from cognitive load using a wearable EDA device, IEEE Transactions on information technology in biomedicine. 2009;14(2):410-417. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITB.2009.2036164
  77. Lin HP, Lin HY, Lin WL, Huang ACW. Effects of stress, depression, and their interaction on heart rate, skin conductance, finger temperature, and respiratory rate: sympathetic-parasympathetic hypothesis of stress and depression, Journal of clinical psychology. 2011;67(10):1080-1091. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20833
  78. Kim YY, Kim HJ, Kim EN, Ko HD, Kim HT. Characteristic changes in the physiological components of cybersickness, Psychophysiology. 2005;42(5):616-625. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00349.x
  79. Lien H-C, Sun WM, Chen Y-H, Kim H, Hasler W, Owyang C. Effects of ginger on motion sickness and gastric slow-wave dysrhythmias induced by circular vection, American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 2003;284(3):G481-G489. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00164.2002