Acknowledgement
Authors want to acknowledge the Principal, Vice Principal and Hospital Superintendent for providing all the facilities.
References
- Ammar NM, El-Hawary SS, Mahdy AA, Hussein RA, Okino T. Phytochemical Study of the Biologically Active Fractions of the Oleo-gum-resins of Boswellia carteri and Commiphora myrrha. Adv. Environ. Biol. 2013; 7(9): 2573-2583. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6d60/d5a354b27bec3565970cdbb2ca63075c8bf7.pdf
- Anastasakis E, Kingman CE, Lee CA, Economides DL, Kadir RA. Menstrual Problems in University Students: An Electronic Mail Survey. In Vivo. 2008; 22(5): 617-20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18853757
- Anonymous. Standardisation of single drugs of unani medicine. Part II. 1st Ed. (New Delhi: CCRUM), 1992, pp. 222-225.
- Armour M, Dahlen H G, Zhu X, Farquha C, Smith C A. The role of treatment timing and mode of stimulation in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea with acupuncture: An exploratory randomised controlled trial. PLOS ONE JOURNAL. 2017: e0180177. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180177
- Armour M, Smith C A. Treating primary dysmenorrhea with acupuncture: a narrative review of the relationship between acupuncture 'dose' and menstrual pain outcomes. Acupunct Med. 2016; 34: 416-424. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27913451 https://doi.org/10.1136/acupmed-2016-011110
- Bani S, Hasanpour S, Mousavi Z, Garehbaghi P M, Gojazadeh M. The Effect of Rosa Damascena Extract on Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Double-blind Cross-over Clinical Trial. Iran Red Cres Med J. 2014; 16(1):1-6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3964428/
- Bavil D.A, Dolatian M, Mahmoodi Z, Baghban A. A Comparison of lifestyles of young women with and without primary dysmenorrhea. Electronic Physician. 2016; 8(3): 2107-2114. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27123219 https://doi.org/10.19082/2107
- Chiu Y, Lu FJ, Lin J, Nien C, Hsu Y, Liu H. Psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS): measurement invariance between athletes and non-athletes and construct validity. PeerJ. 2016; doi:10.7717/peerj.2790 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5162397/
- Dawood MY. Primary Dysmenorrhea: Advances in Pathogenesis and Management. ACOG. 2006; 108(2): 428-439.https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Abstract/2006/08000
- Dehkordi ZR, Baharanchi FSH, Bekhradi R. Effect of lavender inhalation on the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea and the amount of menstrual bleeding: A randomized clinical trial. Complement Ther Med. 2014; 22: 212-219. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24731891 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2013.12.011
- Ferreira-Valente MA, Pais-Ribeiro JL, Jensen MP. Validity of four pain intensity rating scales. Pain. 2011; 152: 2399-2404. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21856077 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2011.07.005
- Germano A, Occhipinti A, Barbero F, Maffei ME. A Pilot Study on Bioactive Constituents and Analgesic Effects of MyrLiq, a Commiphora myrrha Extract with a High Furanodiene Content. BioMed Research International. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3804356
- Ghani N R. Khazainul advia. (New Delhi: Idarae Kitabul Shifa), YNM, pp. 1229-1230.
- Gupta R, Kaur S, Singh A. Comparison to assess the effectiveness of active exercises and dietary ginger vs. Active exercises on primary dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. Nursing and Midwifery Research Journal. 2013; 9(4): 168-177. http://medind.nic.in/nad/t13/i4/nadt13i4p168.pdf
- Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M. Measures of Adult PAIN: Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care & Res. 2011; 63(11): 240-252. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22588748 https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.20345
- Heidarifar R, Mehran N, Heidari A, Tehra HA, Koohbor M, Mansourabad MK. Effect of Dill (Anethum graveolens) on the severity of primary dysmenorrhea in compared with mefenamic acid: A randomized, double-blind trial. J Res Med Sci. 2014; 19: 326-330. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25097605
- Ibn baitar. Jamiul mufradatul Advia wa Agzia. Vol 4. (Delhi: India, CCRUM), 2003, pp. 319.
- Ibn Sina. Al Qanoon Fil Tib. (Urdu Trans. By Kantoori G H). (New Delhi: Idarae Kitabul Shifa), 2010, pp.1094-1095.
- Ibrahim N K, AlGhamd M S, Al-Shaibani A N, AlAmri F A, Alharbi H A, et al.Dysmenorrhea among female medical students in King Abdulaziz University: Prevalence, Predictors and outcome. Pak J Med Sci. 2015; 31(6): 1312-1317. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26870088
- Jaafarpour M, Hatefi M, Najafi F, Khajavikhan J, Khani A. The Effect of Cinnamon on Menstrual Bleeding and Systemic Symptoms with Primary Dysmenorrhea. Iran Red Cres Med J. 2015; 17(4): 1-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4443385
- Jenabi E. The effect of ginger for relieving of primary dysmenorrhoea. J Pak Med Assoc. 2013; 63(1): 8-10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23865123
- Kabeerudeen M. Maghzanul Mufradat. 2nd Ed. New Delhi: Idarae Kitabul Shifa; 2010: 380-381.
- Khan H M A. Akseer-e-Azam. 1st Ed. (New Delhi: Idarae Kitabul Shifa), 2011, pp.780-781.
- Kim M S, Bae G S, Park K C, Koo B S, Kim B J, Lee H J, et al. Myrrh Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response and Protects from Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Sepsis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012; doi:10.1155/2012/278718. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21826187
- Mahvash N, Eidy A, Mehdi K, Zahra M T, Mani M, Shahla H. The Effect of Physical Activity on Primary Dysmenorrhea of Female University Students. World Appl. Sci. J. 2012; 17(10): 1246-1252. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4fcc/112b2a236c5275f76a762aa2f3633c9530a6.pdf
- Moghadam AD, Khosravi A. The impact of a novel herbal Shirazi Thymus Vulgaris on primary dysmenorrhea in comparison to the classical chemical Ibuprofen. J Res Med Sci. 2012; 17: 668-670. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3685784/
- Mohamed H E, Mansour E S. The Effect of Dysmenorrhea on Quality of Life of Technical Secondary Schools Girls. Med. J. Cairo Univ. 2013; 81(2): 83-90. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b8ba/305dcc70a9756e1793b9ffbec2369fd19da0.pdf
- Omidvar S, Esmailzadeh S, Baradaran M, Basirat Z. Effect of fennel on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea: A placebo-controlled trial. Ayu. 2012; 33(2): 311-313. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23559811 https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8520.105259
- Osayande AS, Mehulic S. Diagnosis and Initial Management of Dysmenorrhea. American Family Physician 2014; 89(5): 341-346. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0301/p341.html
- Rahnama P, Montazeri A, Huseini HF, Kianbakht S, Naseri M. Effect of Zingiber officinale R. rhizomes (ginger) on pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea: a placebo randomized trial. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012; 12: 92. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22781186 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-92
- Rhazi ABMZ. Kitab Al-Hawi. Vol IX. (New Delhi: CCRUM), 2001, pp. 30-34.
- Shabani F, Chabra A, Vakilian K, Bioos S, Bozorgi M, Ayati MH, et al. Effect of Ginger-chamomile Sachet plus Honey on Primary Dysmenorrhea and Associated Symptoms: A Randomized, Double Blind, Controlled Trial. Current Women s Health Reviews. 2020; 16(4): 348-358. DOI: 10.2174/1573404816999200505105057
- Su S, Duan J, Chen T, Huang X, Shang E, Yu L, et al. Frankincense and myrrh suppress inflammation via regulation of the metabolic profiling and the MAPK signaling pathway. Sci. Rep. 2015; doi: 10.1038/srep13668. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26329643
- Su S, Wang T, Duan JA, Zhou W, Hua Y Q, Tang Y P, et al. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of different extracts of Commiphora myrrha. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011; 134(2): 251-258. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21167270 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.003
- Unsal A, Ayranci U, Tozun M, Arslan G, Calik E. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effect on quality of life among a group of female university students. Ups J Med Sci. 2010; 115(2): 138-145. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2853792/ https://doi.org/10.3109/03009730903457218
- Vissiennon C, Goos KH, Goos O, Nieber K. Antispasmodic Effects of Myrrh due to Calcium Antagonistic Effects in Inflamed Rat Small Intestinal Preparations. Planta Med. 2015; 81: 116-122. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25590370 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1383391
- Wang L, Wang X, Wang W, Chen C, Ronnennberg AG, Guang W, et al. Stress and dysmenorrhoea: a population based prospective study. Occup Environ Med. 2004; 61(12): 1021-1026. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15550609 https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2003.012302
- Younesy S, Amiraliakbari S, Esmaeili S, Alavimajd H, Nouraei S. Effects of Fenugreek Seed on the Severity and Systemic Symptoms of Dysmenorrhea. J Reprod Infertil. 2014; 15(1): 41-48. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24695380