Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Proliferation of Mouse Prostate Cancer Cells Inflamed by Trichomonas vaginalis

  • Kim, Sang-Su (Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Kyu-Shik (Department of Urology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Han, Ik-Hwan (Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yeseul (Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Bang, Seong Sik (Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Hyun (Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Suk (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Soo-Yeon (Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Ryu, Jae-Sook (Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2021.08.03
  • Accepted : 2021.11.17
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

Our objective was to investigate whether inflammatory microenvironment induced by Trichomonas vaginalis infection can stimulate proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells in vitro and in vivo mouse experiments. The production of CXCL1 and CCL2 increased when cells of the mouse PCa cells (TRAMP-C2 cell line) were infected with live T. vaginalis. T. vaginalis-conditioned medium (TCM) prepared from co-culture of PCa cells and T. vaginalis increased PCa cells migration, proliferation and invasion. The cytokine receptors (CXCR2, CCR2, gp130) were expressed higher on the PCa cells treated with TCM. Pretreatment of PCa cells with antibodies to these cytokine receptors significantly reduced the proliferation, mobility and invasiveness of PCa cells, indicating that TCM has its effect through cytokine-cytokine receptor signaling. In C57BL/6 mice, the prostates injected with T. vaginalis mixed PCa cells were larger than those injected with PCa cells alone after 4 weeks. Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and cyclin D1 in the prostate tissue injected with T. vaginalis mixed PCa cells increased than those of PCa cells alone. Collectively, it was suggested that inflammatory reactions by T. vaginalis-stimulated PCa cells increase the proliferation and invasion of PCa cells through cytokine-cytokine receptor signaling pathways.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIP) (NRF-2017R1A2B4002072). The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corrresponding author upon reasonable request and the experiments complied with the current laws of this country.

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